A processing machine can include motors; at least one heater; first and second processing enclosures separated by a gap; an upper level conveyor that passes circuit assemblies through the first and second processing enclosures and the gap; a lower level conveyor that passes the circuit assemblies through the first and second processing enclosures and the gap; an elevator that transports the circuit assemblies between the upper level conveyor and the lower level conveyor; and a controller that includes circuitry operatively coupled to the motors and to the at least one heater.

A method of manufacturing an automobile emblem is disclosed, which is for manufacturing an emblem that is to be disposed on a front surface of an automobile and represents a particular shape. A method of manufacturing an automobile emblem according to an embodiment of the invention can provide an automobile emblem that has a metallic texture and a silver luster without hindering the reception of waves for an automobile front radar.

A thermoplastic prepreg includes a web or mesh of fibers in which the web or mesh of fibers includes chopped fibers. The thermoplastic prepreg also includes a thermoplastic material that fully impregnates the web or mesh of fibers so that the thermoplastic prepreg has a void content of less than 5%. The thermoplastic material is polymers that are formed by in-situ polymerization of monomers or oligomers in which greater than 90% of the monomers or oligomers react to form the thermoplastic material. The thermoplastic prepreg includes between 5 and 95 weight percent of the thermoplastic material and the chopped fibers that form the web or mesh of fibers are un-bonded.

The invention relates to a process for preparing an aqueous dispersion of a polymer P, which comprises the emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate, an acrylate monomer, which is a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl acrylate or a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 methacrylate, an ,-ethylenically unsaturated C.sub.3-C.sub.8 carboxylic acid, glycidyl methacrylate or glycidyl acrylate, optionally an ethylenically unsaturated sulfonic acid and optionally an ethylenically unsaturated other monomer. Furthermore, the aqueous polymer dispersion obtainable from this process and a powder form thereof are disclosed. They are useful for a paper coating slip containing one of the aforementioned forms. A paper or a cardboard, which is coated with the paper coating slip, shows surface strength, which is expressed by a good dry pick resistance, a good wet pick resistance or good offset test results. The aqueous polymer dispersion or the powder form thereof is furthermore useful as a binder.

Wax-modified hyperbranched polyols and wax-modified flexible hyperbranched polyols are described, as are coating compositions containing these polyols. These polyols provide excellent coatings, especially matte coatings, and allow for the exclusion of silica in coatings.

Disclosed is a method for producing a polyimide laminate, the method including the steps of applying a polyimide precursor solution onto a substrate and heating the polyimide precursor solution, to thereby form a polyimide film layer on the substrate. The substrate is any plate selected from a glass plate, a metal plate, and a ceramic plate. The heating step includes irradiation with far infrared rays using an infrared heater that generates a maximum radiant energy at an infrared wavelength of 3.5 to 6 m. The highest heating temperature is preferably 350 to 550 C. The time required to increase the temperature from 180 to 280 C. during a temperature-increasing process is preferably 2 minutes or longer.

An apparatus for heating powder particles, contains a radiation source (1), a housing (2) and a screen (4). The radiation source (1) has its maximum radiative power in the wavelength range of 0.78-2.5 m. The screen (4) has an absorbance of at least 0.8 in the wavelength range of 0.78-2.5 m.

A polymer based coating for application to rolled stock, such as aluminum is provided. A device for applying the polymer based coatings is also provided. Polymer based coatings applied to rolled stock, such as aluminum, are advantageous compared to anodized coatings since the polymers are self-leveling and may be applied to lower grades of aluminum, while still providing a smooth and durable surface finish.

A thin film coating system includes at least one first supporting roller, a coating device, and at least one drying device. The first supporting roller is configured to rotate based on a rotating central axis. The coating device has an opening. The opening of the coating device faces toward the first supporting roller. The coating device is configured to coat a flowable material toward the first supporting roller along a first direction through the opening. The drying device is located at a side of the rotating central axis adjacent to the coating device in the first direction and is configured to dry the flowable material.

A device for applying radiation to a target is provided. The device includes a radiation emitter to emit electromagnetic radiation having a peak emission wavelength in the range from 10 nm-1 mm, and a first reflector that extends in a length direction with a concave cross section. The first reflector defines a cavity area having a perimeter, and includes an inward facing reflective border for at least 50% of the perimeter of the cavity area. Radiation is provided to the cavity area with an intensity distribution I and a maximum intensity I.sub.max. The cavity area includes a focal area defined by all points at which a normalized intensity I/I.sub.max is greater than 0.2. A width of the focal area is 0.0001-0.5 times a width of the cavity area.