A flat panel that includes a substrate that has at least one planar extent with a surface contour thereon, and a cured-on-substrate photopolymer upon the planar extend of the substrate. The photopolymer extends into the surface contour of the planar extend of the substrate from application of a melting force to an initial powder form of the photopolymer. The photopolymer is solidified into a cured unitary mass from application of curing irradiation. A method of providing a flat panel. An apparatus makes the flat panel.

A method for coating a tile element includes providing a tile element made of a compressed fibre material having a porosity in the range of 0.92-0.99 and applying a water-based coating material to a side edge surface of the tile element extending between two opposite major surfaces of the tile element. The applying is performed by an applicator head of a continuous vacuum coating apparatus that applies the water-based coating material to the side edge surface of the tile element and removes excess through a vacuum. The water-based coating material is applied at a feeding rate of the tile element relative the applicator head in the range of 25-150 m/min. The water-based coating material forms a coating layer including an outer coating layer and an inner coating layer penetrating the side edge surface. The inner coating layer has penetration depth of at least 100 μm.

A method for manufacturing a bent substrate, having a masking step of forming a masking member (M) on a bent substrate (10) and forming a predetermined pattern, and a printing step of forming a print layer (P) on a surface to be printed of the bent substrate (10) including the masking member (M). It is thereby possible to perform printing on a bent substrate having a curved surface part in a productive manner and at a high printing accuracy.

This method of manufacturing an outer case for a hot water unit involves a pressing step for subjecting a flat metal plate (30a) to press processing to form a component part (3) of the outer case (C), and a painting step for painting text, symbols, figures or patterns on the component part (3), wherein the painting step involves an inkjet printing step for forming an inkjet printing layer (4) by performing inkjet printing on the flat metal plate (30a). The pressing step is performed after the inkjet printing step, and after the pressing step, there is further a clear coating step for forming a clear layer (5) on the inkjet printing layer (4).

Inside a heating space of a heating chamber, a first heating treatment of moving a substrate along a substrate moving direction is performed by a first conveyor. After that, first conveyance processing of moving the substrate along a conveying direction is performed by a second conveyor. At this time, source mist is sprayed on the substrate by first thin film forming nozzles. Subsequently, second heating treatment is performed by a third conveyor. After that, second conveyance processing is performed by a fourth conveyor. At this time, source mist is sprayed on the substrate by second thin film forming nozzles.

An improved can drying and curing technology is provided.

A branched carboxylic acid functional polyester resin P is described herein along with thermosetting powder coating compositions (PCC A) comprising a binder K, the binder K comprising the polyester resin P and a crosslinker X. The invention further relates to a cured PCC A. In addition, processes for making said PCC A and processes for coating an article with said PCC A are described as well as articles having coated thereon the PCC A and an articles having coated and cured thereon the PCC A.

The invention relates to a branched carboxylic acid functional polyester resin P as described herein. The invention further relates to a thermosetting powder coating composition (PCC A) comprising a binder K, said binder K comprising the P and a crosslinker X. The invention further relates to a cured PCC A. The invention further relates to a process for making said PCC A and processes for coating an article with said PCC A. The invention further relates to an article having coated thereon said PCC A as well as to an article having coated and cured thereon said PCC A. The invention further relates to a thermosetting powder coating composition B (PCC B) comprising a physical mixture of the thermosetting powder coating composition A (PCC A) with a separate, distinct thermosetting powder coating composition A1 (PCC A1). The invention further relates to a process for making said thermosetting powder coating composition B and processes for coating an article with said PCC B. The invention further relates to a cured PCC B. The invention further relates to an article having coated thereon said thermosetting powder coating composition B as well as to an article having coated and cured thereon said thermosetting powder coating composition B. The invention further relates to use of: the polyester resin P, the PCC A, the cured PCC A, the PCC B, the cured PCC B, articles coated with the PCC A, articles coated with the PCC B, articles having coated and cured thereon the PCC A, articles having coated and cured thereon the PCC B. The invention further relates to the use of the polyester resin P for matt powder coatings. The invention further relates to the use of the PCC B for matt powder coatings.

A flexible conductive film is comprised of a flexible base and a conductive layer coated on it. The flexible base uses Surlyn resin as the matrix. It uses silver nanowire as the conductive layer.

In the present invention, an infrared radiation apparatus is disposed at a position apart from a conveyor in a lower chamber. The infrared radiation apparatus performs heating treatment for a plurality of substrates placed on an upper surface of a belt by radiating infrared light upwardly from a plurality of infrared lamps. In a film forming chamber, a thin film is formed on the substrates placed on the upper surface of the belt by simultaneously performing the heating treatment of infrared radiation of the infrared radiation apparatus and mist spray treatment of a thin film forming nozzle.