Transparent conductive coatings are polished using particle slurries in combination with mechanical shearing force, such as a polishing pad. Substrates having transparent conductive coatings that are too rough and/or have too much haze, such that the substrate would not produce a suitable optical device, are polished using methods described herein. The substrate may be tempered prior to, or after, polishing. The polished substrates have low haze and sufficient smoothness to make high-quality optical devices.

A piece of sports equipment includes: a surface; and base paint including magnetic particles, the base paint being located on the surface of the piece of sports equipment, the magnetic particles being arranged based on a predetermined design after being subjected to magnetic field generated by one or more magnets. A method of manufacturing a piece of sports equipment includes: obtaining an object including one or more magnets arranged in a predetermined design; applying a base paint including magnetic particles to an exterior surface of the piece of sports equipment; while the base paint is fluid, positioning the piece of sports equipment within a magnetic field of the one or more magnets; and maintaining the positioning of the piece of sports equipment for at least a predetermined period, thereby allowing the magnetic particles in the base paint to arrange based on the predetermined design of the one or more magnets.

Provided is a photocatalyst layer that improves the photocatalytic performance while suppressing detachment of photocatalyst particles. The photocatalyst layer has a front surface and a rear surface on the opposite side of the front surface. The photocatalyst layer includes photocatalyst particles and a binder. The photocatalyst layer has a first region containing the photocatalyst particles and a second region containing the binder and not containing the photocatalyst particles. The photocatalyst particles include tungsten oxide particles. The photocatalyst particles have contact points being in contact with the rear surface. The ratio of the thickness of the second region to the number-average secondary particle diameter of the photocatalyst particles is 0.20 or more and 0.80 or less.

An embodiment of a method includes depositing a quantity of first intermediary material onto an electrically insulating substrate in a pattern corresponding to a desired pattern of a first conductive structure. The first intermediary material is adhered to the substrate to form a first intermediate layer to maintain the desired pattern of the first conductive structure. A quantity of a precursor of electrically conductive material is deposited generally along the pattern of the first intermediate layer. Energy is applied to enable migration and consolidation of the first electrically conductive material along the pattern of the first intermediate layer, forming a functional, electrically conductive top layer. At least one of the first electrically conductive material and its precursor has a wetting angle of less than 90° relative to the first intermediate layer, and a wetting angle greater than 90° relative to the substrate. At least one of the depositing steps is an additive deposition step.

A method of manufacturing a roofing membrane includes providing a waterproof membrane having a top major surface and applying a protective coating directly to the top major surface of the waterproof membrane without the use of an adhesive. The protective coating is configured to be removed from the top major surface.

Described are techniques for applying a cured polymeric blanket coating onto a surface, specifically for applying a blanket-coated cured polymeric coating onto a surface of a substrate that is useful as an electrostatic chuck for processing semiconductor wafers.

A method for printing a surface (1) with a printed pattern (2) includes printing a first partial structure (3) of the printed pattern (2), printing a second partial structure (3) of the printed pattern (2) at a distance from the first printed structure (3) and treating at least one region (7) between the first printed structure (3) and the second printed structure (3), and the irradiating the region (7) between the first printed structure (3) and the second printed structure (3) with electromagnetic waves and/or soundwaves.

A method for providing a substrate coating comprises transferring a substrate to an enclosed ink jet printing system; printing organic material in a deposition region of the substrate using the enclosed ink jet printing system, the deposition region comprising at least a portion of an active region of a light-emitting device on the substrate; loading the substrate with the organic material deposited thereon to an enclosed curing module; supporting the substrate in the enclosed curing module, the supporting the substrate comprising floating the substrate on a gas cushion established by a floatation support apparatus; and while supporting the substrate in the enclosed curing module, curing the organic material deposited on the substrate to form an organic film layer.

Coating compositions are provided that eject droplets of condensed fluid from a surface. The coatings include a nanostructured coating layer and in some embodiments, also include a hydrophobic layer deposited thereon. The coating materials eject droplets from the surface in the presence of non-condensing gases such as air and may be deployed under conditions of supersaturation of the condensed fluid to be ejected. A heat exchanger design utilizing the coating is described herein.

The present disclosure relates to polymer coatings covalently attached to the surface of a substrate and the preparation of the polymer coatings, such as poly(N-(5-azidoacetamidylpentyl)acrylamide-co-acrylamide) (PAZAM), in the formation and manipulation of substrates, such as molecular arrays and flow cells. The present disclosure also relates to methods of preparing a substrate surface by using beads coated with a covalently attached polymer, such as PAZAM, and the method of determining a nucleotide sequence of a polynucleotide attached to a substrate surface described herein.