An optically consistent transparent conductive film and a preparation method thereof solve the problems of obvious etching marks, poor optical stability, easy corrosion of nanomaterials, and migration of metal ions of the metal nanowire transparent conductive film. The addition of nanoparticles with a matchable refractive index and a high corrosion resistance, the addition of an optical compensation layer, the use of a substrate with an anti-glare layer and other such means can solve the problem of obvious post-treatment etching marks of metal nanowire conductive films. A dense full-plate conductive transparent conductive film with improved corrosion resistance can be achieved by using an electric compensation layer. An ultraviolet stabilizer is added into a protective solution to improve the optical stability of the conductive film. An antioxidant, a dendrimer, and a complexing agent in the protective solution solve the problem of easy corrosion of nanomaterials and migration of metal ions.

The invention relates to a coating composition, especially to a coating composition intended for thermal insulation of hot metals, which contains an aqueous solution of silicate and which consists of the first layer containing 35 to 71 volume percent of hollow glass spheres, 26 to 62 volume percent of an aqueous solution of potassium silicate, 1 to 3 volume percent of an adhesive additive, and 0.1 volume percent of a water glass stabilizer, and of at least one second layer containing 71 to 84.6 volume percent of hollow glass spheres, 9 to 22.6 volume percent of an aqueous solution of potassium silicate, 0.2 to 0.3 volume percent of an adhesive additive, 0.1 volume percent of a water glass stabilizer, 2 to 3 volume percent of cut glass fibres, and 1.7 to 3 volume percent of a styrene-acrylate dispersion. Method of application of the coating composition, especially method of application of the coating composition which consists of at least one layer containing an aqueous solution of silicate according to which, as the first step, the first layer containing 35 to 71 volume percent of hollow glass spheres, 26 to 62 volume percent of an aqueous solution of potassium silicate, 1 to 3 volume percent of an adhesive additive, and 0.1 volume percent of a water glass stabilizer is applied and then the second layer containing 71 to 84.6 volume percent of hollow glass spheres, 9 to 22.6 volume percent of an aqueous solution of potassium silicate, 0.2 to 0.3 volume percent of an adhesive additive, 0.1 volume percent of a water glass stabilizer, 2 to 3 volume percent of cut glass fibres, and 1.7 to 3 volume percent of a styrene-acrylate dispersion is applied onto the first layer.

A composition for application to a substrate comprising a carrier, a permanganate ion source, and a corrosion inhibitor comprising a rare earth ion, an alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth metal ion, and/or a transition metal ion is disclosed. A substrate or article including the composition for application to a substrate, and a method of treating a substrate comprising applying the composition to a substrate to form a permanganate treated surface of the substrate, and applying a lithium containing composition on the permanganate treated surface are also disclosed.

A rear-view mirror and modular monitor system and method include an interior mirror that embeds a modular monitor behind see-through mirror glass. In some embodiments, the system includes multiple cameras, some in the vehicle, bus and/or truck, as well as some cameras outside the vehicle, bus and/or truck, advantageously providing the driver an opportunity to view what is happening, for example, in the back rows of the bus and/or cabin, while also using the mirror to look at objects in the bus and/or cabin that are visible using the mirror. The rear-view mirror and modular monitor system is configured to be easily assembled and/or disassembled when necessary for maintenance and/or to replace parts.

The present invention relates to a coating composition, a primer coating film, a layered antifouling coating film, a method of producing a substrate with a primer coating film, and a method of producing a substrate with a layered antifouling coating film. The coating composition includes an epoxy resin (A), an amine curing agent (B), a silane coupling agent (C), water (D), and a pigment (E). In the coating composition, the content of the water (D) is 3.5 to 11 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of non-volatile content in the coating composition, and a pigment volume concentration of the coating composition is 37 to 47%.

This invention relates to multi-color electrochromic devices and to methods of use thereof. The invention also relates to a process of preparation of the electrochromic devices.

The present invention relates to a method for forming a metal pattern on a pattern formation section set on a base material. In the present invention, a substrate provided with a fluorine-containing resin layer on a surface of the base material including the pattern formation section is used. The present inventive method for forming a metal pattern includes steps of: forming a functional group on the pattern formation section; and applying a metal ink including an amine compound and a fatty acid as protective agents to the base material surface to fix the metal particles on the pattern formation section. In the present invention, a fluorine-containing resin having a surface free energy measured by the Owens-Wendt method of 13 mN/m or more and 20 mN/m or less is applied as the fluorine-containing resin layer. Further, a metal ink including ethyl cellulose as an additive is applied as the metal ink.

The present disclosure provides fluid barriers as well as systems and methods of forming fluid barriers. The method includes cleaning, via a blast media, a first side of a component and heating the component to a first temperature. Subsequently, the component is cleaned using a solvent. Subsequent to heating at least the component, a primer coating layer is formed on the first side of the component, and a topcoat layer is formed in contact with the primer coating layer. A primer coating material can be heated to a second temperature prior to formation of the primer coating layer. The first temperature can be different than the second temperature.

A rational design and fabrication of ZnO/Al.sub.2O.sub.3 core-shell nanowire architectures with tunable geometries (length, spacing, branching) and surface chemistry is provided. The fabricated nanowires significantly delay or even prevent marine biofouling. In some embodiments, hydrophilic nanowires can reduce the fouling coverage by up to approximately 60% after 20 days compared to planar control surfaces. The mechanism of the fouling reduction is mainly due to two geometric effects: reduced effective settlement area and mechanical cell penetration. Further, superhydrophobic nanowires can completely prevent marine algal fouling for up to 22 days. Additionally, the developed nanowire surfaces are transparent across the visible spectrum, making them applicable to windows and oceanographic sensors.

The present disclosure discloses a method for forming a semiconductor structure. The method for forming a semiconductor structure includes: providing a base; forming a dielectric layer on the base; forming one or more openings in the dielectric layer; and forming an anti-reflective coating in the one or more openings. When forming the anti-reflective coating, alternating current is applied around the base.