A blend of aliphatic hydrocarbons and polyglycol ether(s) is used in a process for cleaning railroad tank cars that have been gravity drained of hydrocarbon fluids but may be left with a residuum containing heavy hydrocarbons, paraffin and noxious gas. A simple recirculation system is established between the chemical source, the contaminated railcar, canister filters and back to the chemical source. Contaminates are removed from the cleaning chemical by the filters and there is no water or steam used which might otherwise damage the railcar.

Method for harvesting and processing water hyacinths, characterized in that the following steps are performed: a) the water hyacinths growing in an aquatic medium are cut; b) the water hyacinths are collected on board a barge at berth (1); c) the collected water hyacinths are transferred onto draining racks (2) near the quayside; d) the drained hyacinths are washed with clean water; e) the washed water hyacinths are drained on vibrating belts (7) in order to remove some of the excess water; f) the water hyacinths are dried on a dryer (8) at a temperature of between 50 and 100° C. for 5 to 17 h; g) the water hyacinths and their seeds are steam-sterilised at a temperature of between 80 and 100° C. in order to sterilise them; h) the sterilised water hyacinths and seeds are ground in order to make profitable use thereof.

Method for harvesting and processing water hyacinths, characterized in that the following steps are performed: a) the water hyacinths growing in an aquatic medium are cut; b) the water hyacinths are collected on board a barge at berth (1); c) the collected water hyacinths are transferred onto draining racks (2) near the quayside; d) the drained hyacinths are washed with clean water; e) the washed water hyacinths are drained on vibrating belts (7) in order to remove some of the excess water; f) the water hyacinths are dried on a dryer (8) at a temperature of between 50 and 100° C. for 5 to 17 h; g) the water hyacinths and their seeds are steam-sterilised at a temperature of between 80 and 100° C. in order to sterilise them; h) the sterilised water hyacinths and seeds are ground in order to make profitable use thereof.

Disclosed is a liquid processing method of drying a substrate held horizontally after supplying deionized water to the substrate. The liquid processing method includes: supplying the deionized water to a front surface of the substrate; supplying a first solvent to the front surface of the substrate after supplying the deionized water; supplying a water-repellent agent to the front surface of the substrate to impart water-repellency to the front surface of the substrate; supplying a second solvent to the front surface of the substrate to which water-repellency is imparted; and removing the second solvent from the front surface of the substrate. A specific gravity of the first solvent is smaller than a specific gravity of the water-repellent agent, and a specific gravity of the second solvent is larger than the specific gravity of the water-repellent agent.

A substrate processing apparatus includes a processing liquid tank, a first circulation pipe, a filter, a pump, and a controller. The first circulation pipe has an upstream end connected to the processing liquid tank and a downstream end connected to the processing liquid tank. A processing liquid circulates in the first circulation pipe.

The filter is deposed in the first circulation pipe and captures particles contained in the processing liquid. The pump is disposed in the first circulation pipe. The pump includes a rotor and feeds the processing liquid by rotating the rotor. In activation of the pump in a stopped state, the controller controls the pump so that the rotor rotates at a rotational acceleration of no greater than 400 rpm/sec.

A substrate processing apparatus includes a processing liquid tank, a first circulation pipe, a filter, a pump, and a controller. The first circulation pipe has an upstream end connected to the processing liquid tank and a downstream end connected to the processing liquid tank. A processing liquid circulates in the first circulation pipe.

The filter is deposed in the first circulation pipe and captures particles contained in the processing liquid. The pump is disposed in the first circulation pipe. The pump includes a rotor and feeds the processing liquid by rotating the rotor. In activation of the pump in a stopped state, the controller controls the pump so that the rotor rotates at a rotational acceleration of no greater than 400 rpm/sec.

A method of cleaning can bodies having a continuous sidewall closed at one end by an integral bottom portion opposite an open end is described. A can body transporter is populated a plurality of can bodies. The transporter transfers can bodies through a can body washer apparatus from an entry end to a delivery end. A plurality of spray bars are located between the entry end and the delivery end and delivers a washing solution to the plurality of can bodies. A substantially constant can body population density is maintained on the can body transporter by controlling a speed of the can body transporter relative to a rate of production of can bodies produced by an upstream can body making apparatus. A time duration of an exposure of the plurality of can bodies to the solution is controlled by regulating delivery of the solution.

A water discharge system for a substrate processing apparatus comprising a substrate processor that processes a substrate using liquid, includes: at least two water discharge lines capable of discharging the liquid used in the substrate processor; a switching device configured to switch a water discharge line to which the liquid used in the substrate processor is to be discharged among the at least two water discharge lines; a measurement device configured to generate water discharge information by measuring the liquid used in the substrate processor; and a control mechanism configured to control the switching device in accordance with the water discharge information.

A method of making an object from a data file and a light polymerizable resin by additive manufacturing includes the steps of: (a) optionally modifying the data file to add additional vacuum cycling nucleation (VCN) nucleation sites to surfaces of the object (2A); (b) producing the object from the data file and the resin by light polymerization in an additive manufacturing process (3), optionally under conditions in which additional VCN nucleation sites are added to surfaces of the object, the object having residual resin adhered to the surface thereof; and then (c) cleaning the residual resin from the object with a wash liquid by vacuum cycling nucleation (4).

A method of making an object from a data file and a light polymerizable resin by additive manufacturing includes the steps of: (a) optionally modifying the data file to add additional vacuum cycling nucleation (VCN) nucleation sites to surfaces of the object (2A); (b) producing the object from the data file and the resin by light polymerization in an additive manufacturing process (3), optionally under conditions in which additional VCN nucleation sites are added to surfaces of the object, the object having residual resin adhered to the surface thereof; and then (c) cleaning the residual resin from the object with a wash liquid by vacuum cycling nucleation (4).