The present invention relates to a structure for preventing the adhesion of microorganisms, which is capable of preventing microorganisms from adhering to and growing on a surface of an object, and a method of manufacturing the same. The structure for preventing the adhesion of microorganisms includes: a nano-structure configured to include a plurality of protruding structures each having a sharp end, and made of a resin composition; and a plurality of nano-metal particles configured to be distributed inside the nano-structure. A method of manufacturing a structure for preventing adhesion of microorganisms includes preparing a liquid resin; mixing the liquid resin with nano-metal particles; depositing the liquid resin on a substrate; pressing the liquid resin with a master template on which a pattern corresponding to a plurality of protruding structures is formed; and setting or curing the liquid resin.

Provided are a method of producing a nano composite structure and a nano composite structure produced by using the same. The method comprises producing a substrate; placing a metal net structure above the substrate; and plasma treating the substrate above which the metal net structure is placed. The nano composite structure includes a substrate having a plurality of first protrusions constituting a nano pattern on its surface; and an inorganic particle disposed on an end of at least a portion of the first protrusions.

An article having a nanotextured surface with hydrophobic properties, said nanotextured surface comprising an array of pillars (71) defined by a surface fraction (s) of the pillars, a pitch (P) of the pillars and an aspect ratio (H/2R) of the pillars, wherein: the surface fraction (s) is equal or greater to 2% and equal or less to 80%; the pitch (P) is equal or less to 250; the aspect ratio (H/2R) is equal or less to 2.4, where H is the height of the pillars and R is the radius of the pillars; the pitch (P), the height (H), the radius (R) are expressed in nanometers (nm); the nanotextured surface comprises at least partially a hydrophobic material.

A biosensor includes an array of metal nanorods formed on a substrate. An electropolymerized conductor is formed over tops of a portion of the nanorods to form a reservoir between the electropolymerized conductor and the substrate. The electropolymerized conductor includes pores that open and close responsively to electrical signals applied to the nanorods. A dispensing material is loaded in the reservoir to be dispersed in accordance with open pores.

A vacuum system, in particular an EUV lithography system, includes: a vacuum housing (2), in which a vacuum environment (16) is formed. A surface (2a) of the vacuum housing is subjected to contaminating particles (17) in the vacuum environment. A surface structure (18) at the surface reduces adhesion of the contaminating particles and has pore-shaped depressions (24) separated from one another by webs (25).

A biosensor includes an array of metal nanorods formed on a substrate. An electropolymerized conductor is formed over tops of a portion of the nanorods to form a reservoir between the electropolymerized conductor and the substrate. The electropolymerized conductor includes pores that open and close responsively to electrical signals applied to the nanorods. A dispensing material is loaded in the reservoir to be dispersed in accordance with open pores.

A self-cleaning film system configured for reducing a visibility of a contaminant includes a substrate and a film. The film includes a monolayer defining a plurality of cavities and formed from a first material having a first surface energy, and a plurality of patches disposed within the plurality of cavities. Each of the patches is formed from a photocatalytic material having a second surface energy that is higher than the first. The film has a touchpoint area having a first use frequency, and a second area having a second use frequency that is less than the first. The patches are present in the touchpoint area in a first concentration and are configured to direct the contaminant towards the second area. The patches are present in the second area in a second concentration that is higher than the first and are configured to reduce the visibility of the contaminant.

Methods and apparatus for cleaning a central venous catheter port are disclosed. An apparatus includes a body, a coupling configured to connect the body to the hub, a cleaning cap coupled to the body, and an actuator disposed within the body for rotating and translating the cap relative to the hub. The cleaning cap includes a cap body defining a cavity and a cleaning member disposed within the cavity, the cleaning member having threads that engage with the threads on the hub.

A method for modifying the wettability of a surface of an object can comprise forming on the surface of the object one or more arrays of nanofibers, wherein the one or more arrays of nanofibers includes nanofibers spaced along an X-axis and a Y-axis at the same or different intervals along either axis, the one or more arrays of nanofibers is integral with the object, and the nanofibers all have a base portion that is substantially normal to the surface. The intervals, diameter, and length of the nanofibers of the one or more arrays of nanofibers are selected so that the wettability of the surface for one or more predetermined liquids is increased or decreased relative to the wettability of the surface in the absence of the array of nanofibers.

Liquid-impregnated textured coatings containing one or more materials on a variety of surfaces are described herein. The coatings can be prepared by chemical vapor deposition techniques or other techniques known in the art. The texture can be random, fractal, or patterned. The texture can be pores, cavities, and/or micro- and/or nanoscale features/structures. The capillary forces arising from the nano- or microscopic texture of the coating stabilizes the liquid within the textured features and at the surface of the coating resulting in non-wetting properties for a variety of surfaces. They coatings may be formed in a single layer or as multiple layers. In order to maximize ease of deposition and processing, the coating may be formed of graded composition to optimize both bulk and surface properties without the need for multiple coatings.