A sensor includes: a tubular needle member that includes a side wall and defines a hollow portion; and a linear detection member located in the hollow portion. The side wall of the needle member includes a thick portion that is thicker than another portion of the side wall in a cross-section of the needle member, and wherein the thick portion protrudes toward the hollow portion.

A process is provided for the continuous production of thin-walled, radially closed hollow profiles composed of nonferrous metals and having a small cross section comprises supply of a flat strip of the metal to a forming apparatus at a first supply speed, the thickness of the strip corresponding to the wall thickness of the hollow profile. The forming apparatus continuous forms the flat strip into a shape corresponding to the hollow profile. After forming, two opposite edges of the flat strip rest flush against one another in a contact region and are continuously welded by means of a laser which emits light having a wavelength of less than 600 nm. The laser heats an area in a welding region having a diameter of less than 20% of the cross-sectional dimension of the hollow profile. The welded hollow profile is taken off from the welding region and taken up in an uptake device.

A method for producing a steel material for line pipes which has a tensile strength of 570 MPa or more, a compressive strength of 440 MPa or more, and a thickness of 30 mm or more, the method including heating a steel having a specific composition to a temperature of 1000° C. to 1200° C.; performing hot rolling such that a cumulative rolling reduction ratio in a non-recrystallization temperature range is 60% or more, a cumulative rolling reduction ratio in a temperature range of (a rolling finish temperature +20° C.) or less is 50% or more, and a rolling finish temperature is the Ar.sub.3 transformation point or more and 790° C. or less; and subsequently performing accelerated cooling from a cooling start temperature of the Ar.sub.3 transformation point or more, at a cooling rate of 10° C./s or more, until the temperature of a surface of a steel plate reaches 300° C. to 500° C.

A method of production of a shaped article able to suppress occurrence of shaping defects, that is, a method of production of a shaped article including a first step of press-forming a metal plate (1a) into a U-shape to obtain a U-shaped article (1b) having a bottom part (2) straight extending in a longitudinal direction and a second step of press-forming the U-shaped article (1b) to bend it in the longitudinal direction so that the bottom part (2) of the part projects to the inside and obtain a U-cross-section bent article (1c).

Provided is an electrical dust-collecting filter manufacturing method and an electrical dust-collecting filter. The method includes the steps of: preparing a frame body, a dust-collecting electrode, a discharge electrode, and a discharge frame; assembling the dust-collecting electrode into an assembly hole of the frame body; connecting the discharge frame to the frame body via an insulating member; and arranging the discharge electrode in an axial direction inside the dust-collecting electrode via the discharge frame and fixing the same. The dust-collecting electrode assembling step includes: temporarily elastically deforming the dust-collecting electrode in the radial direction and inserting the same into the assembly hole of the frame body; and pressurizing end parts of both ends of the dust collecting electrode, which protrude out of a plate member when fitted into the assembly hole, in the axial direction such that the end parts are compressed against the surface of the plate member.

A method for manufacturing a pipe includes: press-forming a plate member into a U shape; and press-forming the plate member formed into the U shape into an O shape. The pipe includes a pipe body and a tapered part tilted radially inward and protruding from one end of the pipe body. Before the plate member is press-formed into the U shape, a boundary between a portion of the plate member corresponding to the pipe body and a portion of the plate member corresponding to the tapered part is pressed from a surface of the plate member corresponding to an inner peripheral surface of the pipe to bend the portion of the plate member corresponding to the tapered part toward the surface of the plate member corresponding to the inner peripheral surface of the pipe.

A process for the continuous production of thin-walled, radially closed hollow profiles which are composed of nonferrous metals and have a small cross section comprises supply of a flat strip of the nonferrous metal to a forming apparatus (212) at a first supply speed. The thickness of the strip corresponds to the wall thickness of the hollow profile. The forming apparatus (212) is configured for continuous forming of the flat strip supplied into a shape corresponding to the hollow profile. After forming, two opposite edges of the flat strip rest flush against one another in a contact region. A welding apparatus (216) continuously welds the edges which rest flush against one another by means of a laser which emits light having a wavelength of less than 600 nm. The laser heats a point in a welding region which has a diameter which is less than 20% of the cross-sectional dimension of the hollow profile. The welded hollow profile is taken off from the welding region and taken up in an uptake device (226).

A vehicle door beam and related methods of making door beams include a flat-rolled aluminum alloy sheet, where two edges of the sheet that are transverse to the roll direction of the sheet are brought together to form a tube. The two edges are friction stir welded together to form a butt joint along a length of the tube. The tube is arranged, along with other optional components, as a side-impact door beam in a vehicle door, such that the butt joint is facing away from an expected impact direction of the vehicle door.

A method for producing a steel material for line pipes which has a tensile strength of 570 MPa or more, a compressive strength of 440 MPa or more, and a thickness of 30 mm or more, the method including heating a steel having a specific composition to a temperature of 1000 C. to 1200 C.; performing hot rolling such that a cumulative rolling reduction ratio in a non-recrystallization temperature range is 60% or more, a cumulative rolling reduction ratio in a temperature range of (a rolling finish temperature +20 C.) or less is 50% or more, and a rolling finish temperature is the Ar.sub.3 transformation point or more and 790 C. or less; and subsequently performing accelerated cooling from a cooling start temperature of the Ar.sub.3 transformation point or more, at a cooling rate of 10 C./s or more, until the temperature of a surface of a steel plate reaches 300 C. to 500 C.

A method for producing open-seam pipes from flat metal products, in particular sheet metal, includes a plurality of individual bending steps using at least one bending tool and at least one externally located lower tool. A plurality of positions of individual bending steps and the insertion depth of the bending tool are calculated in advance. Based thereon the flat metal product is then shaped step-by-step to form the open-seam pipe. After each of the bending steps, a target/actual comparison of the distance between two edges and/or between one of the two edges and the axial center line of the flat metal product is carried out. In case of a deviation, a correction value for the subsequent bending step is determined using a correction algorithm so as then to adapt the insertion depth for the bending tool.