A horizontally wound continuous coil of metallurgically heat treated metal tubing is alternatively formed in a multi-layered configuration using a sequential four-layer or two-layer pattern of winding layer groups. The method of sequential four-layer or two-layer patterning of winding groups support formation of jumbo horizontally wound coils of continuous annealed copper tubing for use by end users of annealed copper tubing.

A method for creating a tapered spiral welded conical structure where the overall shape of the cone is first graphically slit axially and unwrapped, and then a series of construction arcs and lines are created to form the edge lines of a strip that can then be wrapped (rolled) to form a tapered conical structure. The edges of the spirally wound strip can be welded together, and a very large conical structure can thus be achieved. Various construction options are presented from a constant width strip to strip made from straight segments. Equations are given for the formation of the strips to enable those skilled in the art of spiral welded tubing to practice the invention.

The invention relates to a flexible pipe carcass comprising a flexible tubular wall structure comprising a helically wound wall strip; wherein interlocking sections of successive windings of said wall strip form the wall structure. The interlocking sections of adjacent wall strips define a length and are movable with respect to each other between a first position and a second, extended position for changing said length, the interlocking sections being formed such that in the extended position a carcass gap is provided between adjacent interlocking sections for accommodating relative movement there between upon flexure of the wall structure. An insert profile is located in the carcass gap of the tubular wall structure on an inside of the wall structure to at least partly cover the carcass gap.

Feeding stock used to form a tapered structure into a curving device such that each point on the stock undergoes rotational motion about a peak location of the tapered structure; and the stock meets a predecessor portion of stock along one or more adjacent edges.

A control system for forming a tapered structure includes a sensor providing feedback for a machine for forming a tapered structure including at least three rolls having at least one bend roll and at least two guide rolls. The guide rolls may include rollette banks having a plurality of rollettes. The machine may also include an adjustment mechanism to position at least one of the rolls, where a diameter of the tapered structure being formed is controlled by relative positions of the rolls. The machine may also include a joining element to join edges of a stock of material together as it is rolled through the rolls to form the tapered structure. The control system may also include a controller to receive feedback from the sensor and to send a control signal based on the feedback to the adjustment mechanism for positioning at least one of the rolls.

The first roller dies will perforate, puncture the metal strip after the strip goes through the front guide. After the perforation the metal strip can then be corrugated. This is an improvement over punching the metal strip. Punching the metal, rotary punch, requires and extra step and leaves metal scrap, which is why punching metal for the first rolls would clog the machine and cause damage to the machine. The results of these tiny holes in the cylindrical duct help muffle the vibration and other noises from the motorized fan down the ductwork. The cylindrical perforated duct acts like a muffler. Air conditioning, bathroom exhaust fans, kitchen exhaust fans noise can me great reduced cheaply and efficiently. This perforated duct will be used with a vapor barrier and/or insulation.

An elongate tape element, a flexible pipe body and method of producing a flexible pipe body are disclosed. The tape element (508) has a cross-sectional profile comprising a body portion (510) for being positioned between collapse resistant tape windings (501) such that each body portion (510) lies at least partially in a gap (512) between adjacent collapse resistant tape windings (501); and at least one wing portion (516) extending from an end region of the body portion, the at least one wing portion configured to span the gap and respectively abut with a radially inner surface of an adjacent collapse resistant tape winding.

A method for creating a tapered spiral welded conical structure where the overall shape of the cone is first graphically slit axially and unwrapped, and then a series of construction arcs and lines are created to form the edge lines of a strip that can then be wrapped (rolled) to form a tapered conical structure. The edges of the spirally wound strip can be welded together, and a very large conical structure can thus be achieved. Various construction options are presented from a constant width strip to strip made from straight segments. Equations are given for the formation of the strips to enable those skilled in the art of spiral welded tubing to practice the invention.

A pipe cutting system (40) and method for cutting a helically wound steel pipe while the pipe is being moved in a direction (12) of its longitudinal axis uses a plasma torch (50) supported to be reciprocally movable parallel to the longitudinal axis and at an orientation relative to the pipe so that a plasma jet emitted by the plasma torch is directed upwardly toward the pipe. The plasma torch is arranged move at a speed that is synchronised with a speed at which the pipe is being moved in the direction of the longitudinal axis. The pipe is rotated during cutting so that the plasma torch circumferentially cuts the pipe while the pipe is being moved.

An elongate tape element, a flexible pipe body and method of producing a flexible pipe body are disclosed. The tape element (508) has a cross-sectional profile comprising a body portion (510) for being positioned between collapse resistant tape windings (501) such that each body portion (510) lies at least partially in a gap (512) between adjacent collapse resistant tape windings (501); and at least one wing portion (516) extending from an end region of the body portion, the at least one wing portion configured to span the gap and respectively abut with a radially inner surface of an adjacent collapse resistant tape winding.