A press-hardened steel assembly after hot stamping/hot forming including a core layer having a tensile strength of ≥about 1,800 megapascals to ≤about 2,200 megapascals and ≥about 90 volume % martensite, the core layer having a first thickness ≥about 40% to ≤about 96% of the thickness of the press-hardened steel assembly; and a first surface layer along a first surface of the core, the first surface layer having a tensile strength of ≥about 800 megapascals to ≤about 1,200 megapascals and ≥about 90 volume % martensite and bainite. The press-hardened steel assembly has a tensile strength of ≥about 1,600 megapascals to ≤about 2,000 megapascals and a VDA 238-100 bending angle of ≥about 50° to ≤about 80°.

A speaker grille for a vehicle includes a steel plate, an adhesive layer formed on the steel plate, and a metal sheet layer formed on the adhesive layer. The speaker grille is configured such that the steel plate, the adhesive layer, and the metal sheet layer are stacked in sequence. The speaker grille has a plurality of holes formed through the speaker grille, and the holes may be formed by punching. A method of method for manufacturing the speaker grille can include a step of manufacturing a stack by forming the adhesive layer on the steel plate and forming the metal sheet layer on the adhesive layer; and a step of forming the plurality of holes through the stack by perforating the stack.

A die set for bending a metal plate workpiece includes a lower die for placing the workpiece, an upper die having a pressing surface which presses the workpiece toward the lower die by movement, a lower movable part provided in the lower die and being slidable in the same direction as the direction of the upper die movement, and a gas spring elastically supporting the lower movable part from below. The pressing surface of the upper die is moved, contacts with the upper surface of the workpiece and presses the workpiece toward the lower die. The lower movable part being elastically supported by the gas spring from below brings an opposing surface into contact with the lower surface of the workpiece and makes the upper die to be close to the lower die while applying force in the upward which is opposite direction of the upper die movement.

Provided is a method for manufacturing an iron core that enables reduction of variations in dimension of a plurality of metal plates that occur during pressing of the laminate of these metal plates. The method includes: a laminate preparation step of stacking a plurality of metal plates to prepare a laminate; a pressing step of giving a temperature gradient to the laminate and pressing the laminate with a pressing machine having a punch and a die; and a temperature-gradient removal step of removing the temperature gradient from the laminate. The pressing step gives the temperature gradient to the laminate so that the temperature rises from the punch-side to the die-side in the stacking direction of the laminate.

A fine blanking device and method for forming a friction plate with friction material layers. The fine blanking device includes an upper die, a lower die, a guide mechanism, a punch and a counter punch. Upper and lower blank holders are respectively provided at outer circumferences of the punch and the counter punch. The upper and lower blank holders are respectively provided with a buffer mechanism. Friction material powders are sintered on both sides of the base sheet. The friction material layers are trimmed and planished by hot pressing. The base sheet with the friction material layers is fixed by the upper blank holder and the lower blank holder. A tooth profile with an absolute shear fractural surface is formed. The fixing indentation of the V-shaped structure of the friction material layers is cut off for obtaining a finished friction plate product with the friction material layers.

In this part that includes a cut end surface consisting of a surface-treated steel sheet that has been cut, the shape of the cut end surface is such that the length of a first shear droop occurring in the sheet thickness direction is at least 0.10 times the sheet thickness of the surface-treated steel sheet, and the length of a second sheer droop occurring in the planar direction is at least 0.45 times the sheet thickness of the surface-treated steel sheet. Furthermore, in the cutting process a die is used for which the clearance between the punch and the die is 1-20% of the plate thickness of the surface-treated steel plate, and the shoulder portion of the die and/or the punch is provided with a radius of curvature of at least 0.12 times the plate thickness of the surface-treated steel plate.

The disclosure provides a portable light. The portable light includes a housing having a front surface, a rear surface, and an internal space for receiving electronic components and a battery. The portable light also includes a chip-on-board (COB) assembly. The COB assembly includes a substrate, a matrix of individual light emitting diode (LED) chips mounted to the substrate, and an outer coating covering the matrix of LED chips. The front surface of the housing is curved in one direction and the COB assembly is correspondingly curved and mounted to the front surface, such that individual LED chips are positioned about the curve and orientated to direct light outwardly about the curve to provide a collective beam angle greater than 220 degrees. The portable light further includes a front lens cover to protect the COB assembly.

A method for manufacturing a press-molded article includes: preparing a patchwork blank in which a thickened portion is formed by welding patchwork to basework; bending only the thickened portion of the patchwork blank; and bending a portion other than the thickened portion in a step different from bending of the thickened portion.

A conduit (100) for transporting a fluid comprises a first collar (102), a second collar (103), and a bellows (108). The bellows (108) comprises a corrugated inboard ply (110), a corrugated outboard ply (112), and an interstitial space (126), interposed between the corrugated inboard ply (110) and the corrugated outboard ply (112). The conduit additionally comprises a first weld (138), hermetically coupling the corrugated inboard ply (110) and a first outer collar portion (104), a second weld (134), hermetically coupling the corrugated outboard ply (112) and a first inner collar portion (106), a third weld (186), hermetically coupling the corrugated inboard ply (110) and a second outer collar portion (105), a fourth weld (184), hermetically coupling the corrugated outboard ply (112) and a second inner collar portion (107), and a first sensor (116), communicatively coupled with the interstitial space (126).

A method of forming a stamped part includes forming a tailor welded blank by friction stir welding (FSW) a first blank to a second blank, removing a FSW start spot and a FSW stop spot from the tailor welded blank using a machining process such that a finished tailor welded blank is formed and stamping the finished tailor welded blank into the stamped part such that a weld formed by FSW the first blank to the second blank is plastically deformed. The first blank and the second blank can be aluminum alloy blanks and a predetermined amount of material is machined from the FSW start spot and the FSW stop spot, the predetermined amount of material being equal to or greater than a thickness of the first blank and the second blank.