The present disclosure relates to a composite material, in particular a composite material of metals, a process for producing a composite material, and a medical device, in particular an implant, based on the composite material. The composite material comprises at least 5 vol-% of Fe and at least 1 vol-% of Mg or Zn, wherein the composite material comprises a Mg or Zn phase and an Fe phase, wherein the average size of the Mg or Zn phase in at least one dimension is less than 20 μm, in particular less than 10 μm. The medical device, in particular an implant, may be suitable for fixing of bone fractures (as well as fractions of a tendon or a ligament, etc.) and/or corrections and may be capable of exhibiting a targeted failure representing a complete paradigm shift in the treatment of bone fractures and the like.

A heat exchanger is provided and includes parting sheets flat along a first axis and curved along a second axis perpendicular to the first axis, a fin sheet interposed between the parting sheets and corrugated along the first axis to form fins that are curved along the second axis and diffusion bonds formed along an entire length of a fin to diffusion bond the entire length of the fin to the parting sheets.

A heat exchanger is provided and includes parting sheets flat along a first axis and curved along a second axis perpendicular to the first axis, a fin sheet interposed between the parting sheets and corrugated along the first axis to form fins that are curved along the second axis and diffusion bonds formed along an entire length of a fin to diffusion bond the entire length of the fin to the parting sheets.

The present disclosure discloses a preparation method of a multi-functional marine engineering alloy. Through the coupling of a multi-principal alloy structure, structural entropy, and temperature and powder metallurgy and heat treatment, mutual solubility between elements and free energy of an alloy system are regulated, Cu grain boundary segregation is eliminated, and uniform and dispersed nano-precipitation of the anti-fouling element Cu in corrosion-resistant and high-plasticity multi-principal alloys is realized. The preparation method is simple and controllable to operate, and the prepared material has plasticity higher than 75%, high yield strength, excellent corrosion resistance and anti-fouling property, and has important application prospects in the field of marine engineering.

An object of the invention is a method for manufacturing a part including a formation of successive metallic layers (20.sub.1, . . . 20.sub.n), superimposed on one another, each layer being formed by the deposition of a filler metal (15, 35), the filler metal being subjected to an energy supply so as to melt and constitute, when solidifying, said layer, the method being characterized in that the filler metal (15, 35) is an aluminum alloy including the following alloy elements, in weight percents: Mg: 0%-6%; Zr: 0.7%-2.5%, preferably according to a first variant >1% and ≤2.5%; or preferably according to a second variant 0.7-2%; and possibly 0.7-1.6%; and possibly 0.7-1.4%; and possibly 0.8-1.4%; and possibly 0.8-1.2%; at least one alloy element selected from Fe, Cu, Mn, Ni and/or La: at least 0.1%, preferably at least 0.25%, more preferably at least 0.5% per element; impurities: <0.05% individually, and preferably <0.15% all in all.

An object of the invention is a method for manufacturing a part including a formation of successive metallic layers (20.sub.1, . . . 20.sub.n), superimposed on one another, each layer being formed by the deposition of a filler metal (15, 35), the filler metal being subjected to an energy supply so as to melt and constitute, when solidifying, said layer, the method being characterized in that the filler metal (15, 35) is an aluminum alloy including the following alloy elements, in weight percents: Mg: 0%-6%; Zr: 0.7%-2.5%, preferably according to a first variant >1% and ≤2.5%; or preferably according to a second variant 0.7-2%; and possibly 0.7-1.6%; and possibly 0.7-1.4%; and possibly 0.8-1.4%; and possibly 0.8-1.2%; at least one alloy element selected from Fe, Cu, Mn, Ni and/or La: at least 0.1%, preferably at least 0.25%, more preferably at least 0.5% per element; impurities: <0.05% individually, and preferably <0.15% all in all.

A low carbon footprint material is used to decrease the carbon dioxide emission for production of a high carbon footprint substance. A method of forming composite materials comprises providing a first high carbon footprint substance; providing a carbon nanomaterial produced with a carbon-footprint of less than 10 unit weight of carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) emission during production of 1 unit weight of the carbon nanomaterial; and forming a composite comprising the high carbon footprint substance and from 0.001 wt % to 25 wt % of the carbon nanomaterial, wherein the carbon nanomaterial is homogeneously dispersed in the composite to reduce the carbon dioxide emission for producing the composite material relative to the high carbon footprint substance.

A low carbon footprint material is used to decrease the carbon dioxide emission for production of a high carbon footprint substance. A method of forming composite materials comprises providing a first high carbon footprint substance; providing a carbon nanomaterial produced with a carbon-footprint of less than 10 unit weight of carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) emission during production of 1 unit weight of the carbon nanomaterial; and forming a composite comprising the high carbon footprint substance and from 0.001 wt % to 25 wt % of the carbon nanomaterial, wherein the carbon nanomaterial is homogeneously dispersed in the composite to reduce the carbon dioxide emission for producing the composite material relative to the high carbon footprint substance.

A method for manufacturing an austenitic stainless steel workpiece including the following successive steps: 1) providing a powder and sintering the powder to form a sintered alloy with an austenitic structure; the alloy having a nitrogen content greater than or equal to 0.1% by weight, 2) treating the sintered alloy to transform the austenitic structure into a ferritic structure or ferrite+ austenite two-phase structure on a surface layer of the alloy, 3) treating the sintered alloy to transform the ferritic or ferrite+ austenite two-phase structure obtained in step 2) into an austenitic structure and, after cooling, forming the workpiece which, on the layer subjected to the transformations in steps 2) and 3), has a density higher than that of the core of the workpiece. The present description also relates to the workpiece obtained by the method which has a very dense surface layer (≥99%).

A method of forming an article including: contacting a fugitive tool with a powdered parent material; densifying the powdered material; and destructively removing the fugitive tool. A coating of a different material may be formed against the parent material using a similar approach.