A composite metal where a phase of particles of solid solution is uniformly dispersed in a Cu phase, the solid solution containing a solid solution of a heat resistant element selected from Mo, W, Ta, Nb, V and Zr and Cr. The composite metal is provided to contain: 20-70% of Cu; 1.5-64% of Cr; and 6-76% of a heat resistant element by weight relative to the composite metal, wherein a remainder is comprised of inevitable impurities. In the composite metal, the particles of the solid solution, contained in the composite metal, are provided to have an average particle diameter of not larger than 20 μm and to uniformly disperse in the Cu phase with an index of the dispersion state of not higher than 1.0.

A composite metal where a phase of particles of solid solution is uniformly dispersed in a Cu phase, the solid solution containing a solid solution of a heat resistant element selected from Mo, W, Ta, Nb, V and Zr and Cr. The composite metal is provided to contain: 20-70% of Cu; 1.5-64% of Cr; and 6-76% of a heat resistant element by weight relative to the composite metal, wherein a remainder is comprised of inevitable impurities. In the composite metal, the particles of the solid solution, contained in the composite metal, are provided to have an average particle diameter of not larger than 20 μm and to uniformly disperse in the Cu phase with an index of the dispersion state of not higher than 1.0.

A 4D printing method for a titanium-nickel shape memory alloy, and the titanium-nickel shape memory alloy and application thereof. Pure titanium and pure nickel are mixed and smelted, and titanium-nickel alloy bars are obtained; then alloy powder is prepared by means of a rotating electrode atomization method, the powder is sieved, and titanium-nickel alloy powder having a grain size of 15-53 μm is obtained; and the obtained titanium-nickel alloy powder is placed in a discharge plasma auxiliary ball mill to be subjected to discharge treatment, the powder is subjected to surface modification, and finally the titanium-nickel shape memory alloy is formed by means of SLM forming. The phase composition of the titanium-nickel shape memory alloy is composed of a B2 austenite phase of a CsCl type structure, a B19′ Martensite phase of a monocline structure and a Ti.sub.2Ni precipitated phase. The microstructure of the memory alloy comprises nano-sized cellular-like crystals and micron-sized dendritic crystals, and the cellular-like crystals and the dendritic crystals are alternately distributed in a layered manner. The memory alloy has the characteristics of being unique in structure, nearly fully dense and ultrahigh in performance.

A 4D printing method for a titanium-nickel shape memory alloy, and the titanium-nickel shape memory alloy and application thereof. Pure titanium and pure nickel are mixed and smelted, and titanium-nickel alloy bars are obtained; then alloy powder is prepared by means of a rotating electrode atomization method, the powder is sieved, and titanium-nickel alloy powder having a grain size of 15-53 μm is obtained; and the obtained titanium-nickel alloy powder is placed in a discharge plasma auxiliary ball mill to be subjected to discharge treatment, the powder is subjected to surface modification, and finally the titanium-nickel shape memory alloy is formed by means of SLM forming. The phase composition of the titanium-nickel shape memory alloy is composed of a B2 austenite phase of a CsCl type structure, a B19′ Martensite phase of a monocline structure and a Ti.sub.2Ni precipitated phase. The microstructure of the memory alloy comprises nano-sized cellular-like crystals and micron-sized dendritic crystals, and the cellular-like crystals and the dendritic crystals are alternately distributed in a layered manner. The memory alloy has the characteristics of being unique in structure, nearly fully dense and ultrahigh in performance.

Provided is a nickel-based composite coating, method for producing the same and use thereof. A powder mixture is coated on the surface of a substrate to obtain a nickel-based composite coating, wherein the powder mixture comprises nickel-chromium-boron-silicon powders and barium titanate powders. The barium titanate powders are added to the nickel-based powders as a second phase to form BaTiO.sub.3—NiCrBSi metal-based ceramic composite coating. The nickel-based barium titanate composite coating has an excellent damping shock absorbing performance and gives the substrate strength as well. Comparing with the conventional coating materials, the coating obtained by the present disclosure through plasma cladding technique not only bonds with the substrate in a metallurgic way, but also has a small heat affected zone, specifically, an excellent damping shock absorbing performance. In embodiments of the present disclosure, vibration and noise generated by the cylinder head is reduced 20% by using the shock absorbing cladding coating.

Disclosed is a partially diffusion-alloyed steel powder having excellent fluidity, formability, and compressibility without containing Ni, Cr, and Si. A partially diffusion-alloyed steel powder having excellent fluidity, formability, and compressibility that includes an iron-based powder and Mo diffusionally adhered to a surface of the iron-based powder, in which Mo content is 0.2 mass % to 2.0 mass %, a weight-based median diameter D50 is 40 μm or more, and among particles contained in the partially diffusion-alloyed steel powder, those particles having an equivalent circular diameter of 50 μm to 200 μm have a number average of solidity of 0.70 to 0.86, the solidity being defined as (particle cross-sectional area/envelope-inside area).

Disclosed is a partially diffusion-alloyed steel powder having excellent fluidity, formability, and compressibility without containing Ni, Cr, and Si. A partially diffusion-alloyed steel powder having excellent fluidity, formability, and compressibility that includes an iron-based powder and Mo diffusionally adhered to a surface of the iron-based powder, in which Mo content is 0.2 mass % to 2.0 mass %, a weight-based median diameter D50 is 40 μm or more, and among particles contained in the partially diffusion-alloyed steel powder, those particles having an equivalent circular diameter of 50 μm to 200 μm have a number average of solidity of 0.70 to 0.86, the solidity being defined as (particle cross-sectional area/envelope-inside area).

Provided is a potassium titanate powder that can avoid safety and health concerns and concurrently, during use in a friction material, can give excellent frictional properties. A potassium titanate powder is a powder formed of bar-like potassium titanate particles having an average length of 30 μm or more, an average breadth of 10 m or more, and an average aspect ratio of 1.5 or more, wherein the bar-like potassium titanate particles are represented by a composition formula K.sub.2Ti.sub.nO.sub.2n+1 (where n=5.5 to 6.5).

A method of forming tungsten tetraboride, by combining tungsten and boron in a molar ratio of from about 1:6 to about 1:12, respectively, and firing the combined tungsten and boron in the hexagonal boron nitride crucible at a temperature of from about 1600 C to about 2000 C, to form tungsten tetraboride.

A method of creating aluminum powder, the method comprising of blending and melting aluminum of a purity from about 99% to about 99.999% with an embrittling element or combination of embrittling elements selected from the group consisting of silicon in the amount of 1 to 30% by weight and germanium; mixing together the melted aluminum and embrittling elements such that an alloy is created; cooling the mixed alloy; cutting the cooled alloy into smaller pieces; crushing the cut pieces; and, pulverizing and milling the crushed pieces into particles with a size of less than 200 micrometers.