A method to form a surface on a metal work piece includes providing a turning insert that has a nose angle formed between first and second cutting edges less than or equal to 85°; providing a turning tool having a tool body with an insert seat in which the turning insert is mountable; arranging the orientation of the second cutting edge such that it forms a back clearance angle of more than 90° in a feed direction; rotating the metal work piece around a rotational axis in a first direction; moving the turning insert in a direction parallel to or at an angle less than 45° relative to the rotational axis; and setting the longitudinal axis of the tool body at an angle greater than zero but less than or equal to 90° relative to the rotational axis of the metal work piece.

A turning tool for internal turning of a metal work piece having a rear end, an opposite forward end and a longitudinal center axis extending therebetween. The first nose cutting edge includes a first radially distal point having an associated first rake face and separates and connects a first forward cutting edge and a first rearward cutting edge. A second nose cutting edge of the turning tool includes a second radially distal point having an associated second rake face and separates and connects a second forward cutting edge and a second rearward cutting edge. The second radially distal point is positioned ahead of the first radially distal point. The first forward cutting edge forms an acute first entering angle, the second forward cutting edge forms an obtuse second back clearance angle, and the second rearward cutting edge forms an acute second entering angle.

An insert includes a base of a cermet including hard particles and a binder phase. The base includes first and second surfaces, a cutting edge on at least a part of a ridge line of the first and second surfaces, a third surface opposite to the first surface, and a through hole from the first surface to the third surface. An inner wall constituting the through hole includes a binder-phase-riched layer having a higher content of the binder phase than an inside of the base, at least in a center part. A thickness of the binder-phase-ricked layer in the center part is larger than a thickness of the binder-phase-ricked layer in an end part of the inner wall. A cutting tool includes a holder which has a pocket located at an end, the insert located in the pocket, and a clamp inserted in the through hole of the insert.

A cutting insert has a surface that relates to cutting, the surface comprising cBN sintered material, ceramics, or cermet. The cutting insert comprises: a rake face; a flank face; a chamfer located between the rake face and the flank face; and a cutting edge formed by a ridgeline at which the flank face and the chamfer intersect. The cutting edge comprises a cutting edge portion for push cutting, a cutting edge portion for pull cutting, and a connecting cutting edge portion located between the cutting edge portion for push cutting and the cutting edge portion for pull cutting. In the chamfer located along the cutting edge, the chamfer located along the connecting cutting edge portion has a minimum width.

In one aspect, cutting tools are provided comprising radiation ablation regions defining at least one of refractory surface microstructures and/or nanostructures. For example, a cutting tool described herein comprises at least one cutting edge formed by intersection of a flank face and a rake face, the flank face formed of a refractory material comprising radiation ablation regions defining at least one of surface microstructures and surface nanostructures, wherein surface pore structure of the refractory material is not occluded by the surface microstructures and surface nanostructures.

An insert includes a base which includes a first surface, a second surface connecting to the first surface, and a cutting edge located on at least a part of a ridgeline of the first surface and the second surface. The first surface includes a plurality of grooves located at a position away from the ridgeline and extended at an angle of 20-90° relative to the ridgeline. The grooves are away from the ridgeline in a range of 40-700 μm. A width W of the grooves is 50-700 μm, and a depth D of the grooves is 20-700 μm. Spacing S between the grooves adjacent to each other is 50-700 μm. A cutting tool includes a holder, which has a length extending from a first end to a second end and includes a pocket located on a side of the first end, and the insert is located in the pocket.

A metal cutting drill insert for a drill tool has opposing top and bottom surfaces with a symmetry axis extending therebetween. At least one stepped cutting edge is configured to cut a continuous chip along the at least one stepped cutting edge. The at least one stepped cutting edge is formed at an intersection of a rake face and an adjoining clearance face of the side surface. In a top view facing the top surface the at least one stepped cutting edge includes a step formed by a transitional edge between a first part and a second part edge. The step extends in a radial direction relative the symmetry axis by a first distance h1, and in a side view facing the side surface the step extends in a direction from the bottom surface towards the top surface by a second distance h2, wherein 0.8.Math.h1≤h2≤1.2.Math.h1.

A double-sided, polygonal cutting insert includes a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface. A plurality of side surfaces extend between the first surface and the second surface. A plurality of primary concave cutting edges are formed at an intersection between the plurality of side surfaces and the first and second surfaces, and a plurality of convex wiper edges are formed at an intersection between the plurality of side surfaces and the first and second surfaces. Each wiper edge has a step extending radially outward from a respective side surface. The cutting insert is mounted in a cutting tool such that the primary cutting edge and a wiper edge contact a workpiece to produce a high-quality surface finish on the workpiece.

An insert includes a base. The base includes first and second surfaces, and a cutting edge on at least a part of a ridgeline of the first and second surfaces. The first surface includes a groove away from the ridgeline and at an angle θ1 of 20-90° relative to the ridgeline. The groove extends from a first end part closest to the cutting edge to a second end part most away from the cutting edge. The groove includes an opening and a bottom surface. An angle θ2 formed by the bottom surface and a raised surface extended from the bottom surface toward the first end part is 95-135°. A cutting tool includes a holder, which has a length extending from a first end to a second end and includes a pocket located on a side of the first end, and the insert located in the pocket.

A tool body in which a cutting insert can be replaced easily is provided. The tool body which fixes the indexable cutting insert includes an insert mounting seat which is provided on a first surface of the tool body, a clamp member which binds the cutting insert placed on the insert mounting seat, and an operating member which operates the clamp member. The operating member can lower the clamp member from the first surface toward a second surface of the tool body on an opposite side thereof to the first surface and can raise the clamp member from the second surface toward the first surface. The clamp member has a hook portion which is brought into contact with a diameter reducing portion formed on an inner peripheral surface of a mounting hole of the cutting insert in a state where the clamp member is lowered.