A tool holder having a main body for coupling the tool holder to the spindle of a machine tool and having a damping surface connected thereto for clamping a tool, characterized in that the tool holder has at least one portion shaped in one piece by primary shaping, which in its interior has one or more cavities that form an enclave in the portion shaped by primary shaping.

A chuck table for holding a plate-shaped workpiece under suction includes a suction plate made of porous ceramics and having a plurality of open pores, and a frame covering a side surface and a reverse side, except an attractive suction surface, of the suction plate and having a plurality of suction grooves defined in an upper surface thereof and a fluid communication passage defined therein that holds the suction grooves in fluid communication with a suction source, the frame supporting the suction plate thereon. The suction plate has a porosity in the range from 60% to 70% by volume, and the open pores have diameters in the range from 10 m to 25 m.

A chuck for a machine tool having a rotation spindle with a main axis of rotation. The chuck comprises a base plate, a first rotatable plate eccentrically mounted on the base plate, a second rotatable plate eccentrically mounted on the first rotatable plate, balancing means for aligning a principal axis of inertia of the chuck with the main axis of rotation and a holding mechanism. The chuck is provided with an actuating mechanism for angularly displacing the first rotatable plate around a first rotation axis over a first angle of rotation and/or the second rotatable plate around a second rotation axis over a second angle of rotation such that the position of the object with respect to the main axis of rotation can be altered.

A laser beam applying unit of a laser processing apparatus includes a beam splitter disposed on a first optical path connecting a laser oscillator and a condenser, a wide band light source disposed on a second optical path branched by the beam splitter, a spectroscope that is disposed between the wide band light source and the beam splitter and that branches the laser beam from the second optical path to a third optical path, and a Z position detection unit that is disposed on the third optical path branched by the spectroscope and that detects the position in a Z-axis direction of a workpiece according to an intensity of light corresponding to the wavelength of return light that is generated when the light of the wide band light source is condensed by the condenser and is reflected by the workpiece held by a chuck table.

A cutting tool rest (31) includes a clamping mechanism part (131) and a first piston (61). First piston (61) includes a first facing section (63) and a second facing section (64), and clamping mechanism part (131) includes a lever (135). First piston (61) reciprocates between a first position at which lever (135) and first facing section (63) are in contact with each other to operate clamping mechanism part (131) in a clamped state and a second position at which lever (135) and second facing section (64) are in contact with each other to operate clamping mechanism part (131) in an unclamped state. Cutting tool rest (31) includes a second piston (71) that moves first piston (61) to a third position between the first position and the second position. When first piston (61) is located at the third position, lever (135) is separated from first facing section (63) and second facing section (64).

A cutting tool rest (31) includes a clamping mechanism part (131) and a first piston (61). First piston (61) includes a first facing section (63) and a second facing section (64), and clamping mechanism part (131) includes a lever (135). First piston (61) reciprocates between a first position at which lever (135) and first facing section (63) are in contact with each other to operate clamping mechanism part (131) in a clamped state and a second position at which lever (135) and second facing section (64) are in contact with each other to operate clamping mechanism part (131) in an unclamped state. Cutting tool rest (31) includes a second piston (71) that moves first piston (61) to a third position between the first position and the second position. When first piston (61) is located at the third position, lever (135) is separated from first facing section (63) and second facing section (64).

A robotic tool changer ensures inherently safe decoupling operation by only providing pneumatic fluid to a decouple port of a pneumatic coupling mechanism in the case that the tool changer is seated on, and properly aligned with, a tool stand. Pneumatic fluid to decouple the pneumatic coupling mechanism is routed from an air source to the tool stand. A pass-through in the tool stand returns the pneumatic fluid to a pneumatic path in the tool changer leading to a decouple port of the pneumatic coupling mechanism. Hence, the tool changer must be seated on the tool stand for the decouple port to receive pneumatic fluid to operate. Furthermore, a safety coupling is interposed on the pneumatic path between the tool stand and the decouple port. The safety coupling requires the tool changer to be seated on, and properly aligned with, the tool stand to effect the flow of pneumatic fluidotherwise, the pneumatic fluid is bled to the atmosphere.

A robotic tool changer ensures inherently safe decoupling operation by only providing pneumatic fluid to a decouple port of a pneumatic coupling mechanism in the case that the tool changer is seated on, and properly aligned with, a tool stand. Pneumatic fluid to decouple the pneumatic coupling mechanism is routed from an air source to the tool stand. A pass-through in the tool stand returns the pneumatic fluid to a pneumatic path in the tool changer leading to a decouple port of the pneumatic coupling mechanism. Hence, the tool changer must be seated on the tool stand for the decouple port to receive pneumatic fluid to operate. Furthermore, a safety coupling is interposed on the pneumatic path between the tool stand and the decouple port. The safety coupling requires the tool changer to be seated on, and properly aligned with, the tool stand to effect the flow of pneumatic fluidotherwise, the pneumatic fluid is bled to the atmosphere.

An expander unit of a cryogenic refrigerator device includes a moving assembly with a porous regenerative heat exchanger configured to move back and forth along a longitudinal axis. A magnetic spring assembly includes a stationary magnetic assembly fixed to the cold finger base that includes one or more magnetic rings fixedly arranged about a bore. A movable magnetic assembly includes one or more movable magnetic rings fixed to the moving assembly, An outer lateral dimension of each of the movable magnetic rings is less than an inner lateral dimension of the bore. The stationary magnetic assembly and the movable magnetic assembly are configured such that, when the moving assembly is displaced along the longitudinal axis from an equilibrium position, attractive and repulsive forces between the movable magnetic assembly and the stationary magnetic assembly yield a restoring force that is directed to restore the moving assembly to the equilibrium position.

A tool holder having a main body for coupling the tool holder to the spindle of a machine tool and having a clamping surface connected thereto for clamping a tool, characterized in that the tool holder has at least one portion shaped in one piece by primary shaping, which in its interior has one or more cavities that form an enclave in the portion shaped by primary shaping.