Provided are a machining system and a machining apparatus, a machining method, and a machining program that can improve machining precision. The machining system includes: a machining path setting unit that sets first and second machining paths based on a three-dimensional shape of a measured target component; and a movement control unit that moves an end mill along the first and second machining paths. The movement control unit includes a feed direction control unit that moves the end mill in a feed direction in which the end mill is moved along the first and second machining paths, an orthogonal direction control unit that moves the end mill in a direction orthogonal to the feed direction, and a tilt control unit that controls a tilt angle of the end mill about an axis of the feed direction.

A cutting tool includes: a main body portion composed of a cemented carbide; and a front end portion composed of a binderless cubic boron nitride polycrystal, the front end portion being joined to the main body portion. In an axial direction along a rotation axis of the main body portion, the main body portion has a first end and a second end opposite to the first end. The front end portion has a neck portion and an edge portion, the neck portion protruding from the second end along the axial direction, the edge portion being continuous to the neck portion, the edge portion being located at a location distant away from the second end relative to the neck portion in the axial direction. In the axial direction, the neck portion has a third end on the edge portion side and a fourth end opposite to the third end.

A tapered end mill includes an outer circumferential cutting edge, a flute is disposed such that a flute bottom radius defined as a distance between a flute bottom and the tool axis decreases from a shank side toward the tool tip side, the flute bottom radius linearly changes at a predetermined gradient angle in the tool axis direction, the gradient angle changes at a predetermined change point to become smaller on the tool tip side as compared to the shank side, and a gradient angle θ1 on the tool tip side relative to the change point is equal to or larger than 0° and smaller than a taper half angle α of a cutting portion provided with the outer circumferential cutting edge, and a gradient angle θ2 on the shank side relative to the change point is larger than the taper half angle α.

A cutting tool rotates about a rotation axis, and includes a tip end portion. The tip end portion includes a partially spherical surface that is brought into contact with a workpiece. The surface is provided with a plurality of recesses disposed apart from each other. An opening edge of each of the plurality of recesses constitutes a cutting edge.

The invention relates to a method for machining a workpiece by means of a chip-removing tool on a numerically-controlled machine tool, in which the tool is moved relative to the workpiece along tool paths that are formed by means of a sequence of supporting points N, wherein the bounding volume that is produced during the rotation of the tool essentially comprises a point contact in a point of contact with the desired surface of the workpiece when machining the workpiece, and that in addition to the data relating to the supporting point N the data relating to the respective point of contact of the bounding volume with the desired surface of the workpiece are determined and that the tool path is optimized on the basis of the data relating to the point of contact.

The present invention includes an end mill body which is formed of ceramic, a chip discharge flute which is formed on an outer periphery of the end mill body, a peripheral cutting edge which is formed on an intersection ridge line between a wall surface facing a tool rotation direction in the chip discharge flute and an outer peripheral surface of the end mill body, an end cutting edge which is formed on an intersection ridge line between the wall surface in the chip discharge flute and a tip surface of the end mill body, and a corner cutting edge which is positioned at a tip outer-peripheral part of the end mill body, connects an outer end of the end cutting edge and a tip of the peripheral cutting edge to each other, and has a convexly curved shape which is convex toward a tip outer-peripheral side of the end mill body.

A surgical bur including flutes and lands. Each of the flutes includes a cutting edge, rake surfaces and a clearance surface. The rake surfaces of one of the flutes are decoupled from each other. Each of the lands is disposed between a pair of the flutes.

A ball end mill, which includes long and short cutting edges alternately formed, shows excellent chip discharge performance without sacrificing strength. An even number of cutting edges are formed at intervals in a circumferential direction on a front end of an end mill body rotated about an axis and have rotation trajectories formed around the axis that form a hemispherical shape. The cutting edges adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction with one cutting edge interposed are long cutting edges that intersect with each other on the axis. The other cutting edges adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction with one cutting edge interposed are short cutting edges that include inner peripheral ends at positions distant from the axis. A gash of the long cutting edge and a gash of the short cutting edge connect with each other on a front end side of the end mill body.

This surface-coated cutting tool includes a cutting tool body made of tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide and a hard coating layer deposited on a surface of the cutting tool body, in which the hard coating layer has at least one (Ti.sub.1-xAl.sub.x)N layer (0.4≦X≦0.7, X is an atomic ratio) with an average layer thickness of 0.5 to 10 μm, the (Ti, Al)N layer has a cubic crystal structure, and Ia−Ib<5 is satisfied when Ia (%) is an average absorptance of the hard coating layer at a wavelength of 400 to 500 nm and Ib (%) is an average absorptance of the hard coating layer at a wavelength of 600 to 700 nm.

A multi-flute ball end mill of the present invention includes: a shank portion configured to rotate about a rotational axis; a cutting edge portion; three or more ball edges formed on the cutting edge portion; gashes formed between the ball edges; peripheral cutting edges continuous with end portions of the ball edges on the shank portion side; and flutes formed between the peripheral cutting edges continuously with the gashes. The degree of curvature of the ball edges is 35% to 55%. Each of the gashes includes four faces of a rake face of each of the ball edges, a gash wall face, a first gash face, and a second gash face. The second gash face is formed such that the closer the second gash face is to the rotation center point, the more inwardly the second gash face enters a second face of each of the ball edges.