A metal cutting milling tool includes a body having a front end, a plurality of land portions extending axially rearwards from the front end, and a plurality of chip rooms extending axially rearwards from the front end. Each chip room is positioned between two adjacent land portions and each land portion is delimited by a leading and a trailing surface. Each land portion as part of the leading surface in a radially outer and forward region, includes an insert seat for receiving a cutting insert. At the front end of the milling tool, in a plane perpendicular to the central axis, an angle between a radius intersecting a radially outer point in the insert seat of a first land portion and a radius intersecting a corresponding point in the insert seat of a second land portion defines a seat pitch angle for the first land portion.

A tool for machining a stacked material workpiece includes a tool body having one or more helical flutes extending to a forward end of the tool body. Each helical flute has a width defined by a first cutting edge and a second edge, a surface of the flute adjacent the first cutting edge facing the forward end of the tool body and a surface of the flute adjacent the second edge facing away from the forward end of the tool body. Each helical flute can include a first portion having a first negative pitch angle and a second portion having a second negative pitch angle different from the first negative pitch angle, the first portion extending from the forward end of the tool body to the second portion. The tool has only negative pitch angles. A method for machining a stacked material is also disclosed.

In one aspect, rotary cutting tools are described comprising clearances with projections adjacent the cutting edge and extending the width and length of the clearance surface of each tooth. This design can assist in reducing vibration or chatter during cutting operations.

An indexable rotary cutting tool comprising, a twist angle of the outer peripheral cutting edge having a positive value, an axial rake angle of the cutting edge of the corner R at a boundary point between the cutting edge of the corner R and the outer peripheral cutting edge has a positive value, the axial rake angle of the cutting edge of the corner R at the reference point has a negative value, at least the radial rake angle in a region between the boundary point and the reference point in an entire edge length region of the cutting edge of the corner R has a negative value, and the radial rake angle of the cutting edge of the corner R at the reference point is smaller than the radial rake angle of the cutting edge of the corner at the boundary point.

A method for designing a cutting edge of a cutting element configured for removing material from a workpiece to leave therein a desired end profile (B22,B24,B26). The method comprises the steps of modeling a desired end profile (B22,B24,B26) of the workpiece, the profile having a longitudinal axis and being defined by a bottom surface (B12), a side surface (B16) and an adjustment surface (B14) extending therebetween; defining a lead profile plane (RP.sub.L) and an trail profile plane (RP.sub.T) spaced therefrom, each of the planes being oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis; determining a profile contour defined by the intersection line between the end profile (B22,B24,B26) and the lead profile plane (RP.sub.L). The contour profile includes a bottom contour, an adjoining contour and a side contour defined as the intersection lines between the lead profile plane (RP.sub.L) and the bottom surface (B12), the adjustment surface (B14) and the side surface (B16) respectively; designing a rake surface and a relief surface, the intersection line between which defines a cutting edge lying in the adjoining surface (B14) and spanning between the lead profile plane (RP.sub.L) and the trail profile plane (RP.sub.T). The cutting edge is designed such that in any reference plane (RP; FIG. 6A) oriented perpendicularly to the cutting edge, the intersection between each of the rake surface and the relief surface with the reference plane (RP) defines a respective rake line (RK; FIG. 7) and relief line (RF; FIG. 7), the angle (.sub.B) between the lines RK,RF) being equal to or smaller than a similar angle (.sub.B) taken along each of a plurality of similar reference planes (RP) disposed between the reference plane (RP.sub.n) and the lead profile plane (RP.sub.L).

A corner radius end mill includes a tooth adjacent a helically extending flute. The tooth includes axial and radial relief surfaces connected by a corner relief surface, as well as rake surface having a rake ridge. The rake ridge is continuously curved from a bisector line until at least an axial location rearward of the corner relief surface.

A bur with features that minimize the application of substantially identical forces to the tissue against which the bur is applied. One of these features is the arrangement of the flutes so that one pair of flutes projects outwardly from the tip at an acute angle that is greater than the angle at which the other flutes project outwardly from tip. Consequently at the equator of the bur head, the location along the bur head where the bur head has a maximum diameter, the flutes define a perimeter that is non-circular in shape.

A cutting insert includes: a polygonal shaped upper surface; a lower surface; a side surface connected to each of the upper and lower surfaces; and an upper cutting edge located at the intersection of the upper surface and the side surface. The upper surface alternately includes three major corners and three minor corners. The upper cutting edge includes: a corner cutting edge; a minor cutting edge inclined toward the lower surface as separating from the corner cutting edge at a first inclination angle; and a major cutting edge inclined toward the lower surface as separating from the minor cutting edge at a second inclination angle. The corner cutting edge, the minor cutting edge and the major cutting edge are located sequentially from a first major corner to each of first and second minor corners, both of which are adjacent to the first major corner.

In a roughing end mill, an end mill main body is provided with: a peripheral cutting edge; an end cutting edge; and a corner cutting edge formed between the peripheral cutting edge and the end cutting edge. A roughing part having a waveform pattern of recesses and protrusions is formed in the peripheral cutting edge, and a phase of the recesses and protrusions of the roughing part of one chip discharge flute is shifted with respect to that of the other chip discharge flute adjacent to the one chip discharge flute. A foremost protrusion of the roughing part of one peripheral cutting edge is located closer to a distal end of the end mill main body than those of the other peripheral cutting edges, a peak of the foremost protrusion of the one peripheral cutting edge is aligned with another peak of the corner cutting edge adjacent to the one peripheral cutting edge. Also, a peak of a foremost protrusion of the roughing part of each of the other peripheral cutting edges is connected to another peak of the corner cutting edge adjacent to the other peripheral cutting edge by another straight portion extending in a linear manner.

A replaceable cutting head stably rotates a head body using a work tool during attachment. An outer periphery of the head body is provided with a plurality of chip discharge grooves extending along a direction of an axis, cutting blades extending along the chip discharge grooves, and a pair of latching faces that are formed by cutting the outer periphery of the head body and are arranged back to back with the axis interposed therebetween at a base end portion along the axial direction. A first chip discharge groove, and a second chip discharge groove having a narrower width along a circumferential direction around the axis than the first chip discharge groove at at least the base end portion along the direction of the axis are included in the chip discharge grooves. At least one latching face is connected to a base end portion of the second chip discharge groove.