An improved laser-machining head unit for fabric comprising a diagonal mirror assembly with a tubular sleeve extending downward to an internally threaded distal tip. An annular adapter is provided with an externally-threaded male fining at one end and an internally-threaded receptacle at an opposing end. The externally-threaded male fitting of the adapter is adjustably screw-threaded into the internally threaded distal tip of the tubular sleeve. A laser nozzle has a frusto-conical tip and an annular collar Cm attachment to the adapter, the collar being externally threaded and fixedly screw-inserted into the internally-threaded receptacle of the adapter. In addition, there is a gas inlet affixed to the collar of the laser nozzle for introducing gas at a 90-degree angle thereto. The screw-adjustable configuration ensures proper alignment at all times of the lens, the beam and the nozzle aperture, and air stream.

A welding method according to an embodiment includes a preparation process and a welding process. A first welding material and a second welding material are prepared in the preparation process. The first welding material and the second welding material are welded in the welding process by irradiating a laser beam on at least one of the first welding material or the second welding material. At least one of the first welding material or the second welding material includes a first portion and a second portion. A laser absorptance of the second portion is higher than a laser absorptance of the first portion. The first welding material and the second welding material are welded in the welding process by irradiating the laser beam on the second portion.

Laser processing head (20) of the present disclosure includes housing (30), transparent protector (40), and temperature sensor (70). Housing (30) includes an optical path of processing laser light (LB). Transparent protector (40) is detachably fixed to housing (30), passes processing laser light (LB), and suppresses dust of work material (W) entering into housing (30). Here, the dust is generated from the work material (W) irradiated with processing laser light (LB). Temperature sensor (70) detects the temperature of transparent protector (40).

A device for processing microstructure arrays of polystyrene-graphene nanocomposites, including a laser generator, a vacuum chamber, an object stage, an ultraviolet filter and a gas flow control unit. The object stage is detachably fixed to a bottom of the vacuum chamber with a passage that can be opened or closed. The ultraviolet filter is provided in the vacuum chamber. A laser light emitted by the laser generator arrives at the object stage through the ultraviolet filter. The object stage is configured to place a sample to be processed. The gas flow control unit is communicated with the vacuum chamber and is configured to control the flow of the gas entering the vacuum chamber. The vacuum chamber is fixed on a three-axis precision positioning platform via a vacuum chamber clamp. The device disclosed herein aims to solve the existing difficulty in processing microstructure arrays of polystyrene-graphene nanocomposites.

A method of additive manufacture is disclosed. The method can include providing an enclosure surrounding a powder bed and having an atmosphere including helium gas. A high flux laser beam is directed at a defined two dimensional region of the powder bed. Powder is melted and fused within the defined two dimensional region, with less than 50% by weight of the powder particles being displaced into any defined two dimensional region that shares an edge or corner with the defined two dimensional region where powder melting and fusing occurs.

There is provided an AM apparatus for an AM process. The AM apparatus has an AM assembly with a build chamber to support part(s) built with a powder, in a build operation. Unused powder accumulates in the build chamber during the build operation. The AM apparatus has a vacuum assembly with duct line(s) in flow communication with the build chamber, and a powder receptacle in flow communication with the duct line(s). The powder receptacle has coupling member(s) allowing the powder receptacle to be reversibly attached to the duct line(s). The vacuum assembly includes a vacuum apparatus coupled to, and in flow communication with, the powder receptacle, via vacuum duct line(s). The vacuum assembly pulls the unused powder from the build chamber to the powder receptacle, and provides an automated removal of the unused powder from the build chamber into the powder receptacle, to avoid manual removal of the unused powder.

A three dimensional printing system includes a powder delivery system and a controller. The powder delivery system includes a cartridge, a powder transfer assembly, a vacuum source, and source of inert gas. The cartridge includes a lower portion defining a lower cavity containing powder and an upper portion. The powder transfer assembly includes a cowling and a loader suction tube that extends through the cowling. The controller is configured to: (1) lower the cowling into sealing engagement with the upper portion of the cartridge whereby an upper cavity is defined between the cowling and the upper portion of the cartridge, (2) operate the source of inert gas to positively pressurize the upper cavity, and (3) lower the loader suction tube into the powder while operating the vacuum source to extract the powder.

According to one implementation, a laser peening processing apparatus includes a laser oscillator and an irradiation system. The laser oscillator oscillates a laser light. The irradiation system condenses the laser light with a lens and irradiates a workpiece with the condensed laser light. The irradiation system irradiates the workpiece with the laser light in a state where the workpiece has been exposed in an atmosphere without interposed liquid. Furthermore, according to one implementation, a laser peening processing method includes producing a product or a semi-product by laser peening processing of the workpiece using the above-mentioned laser peening processing apparatus.

An air guide box of a paper production installation has a front broad side and a rear broad side, each having a width b. An extension device is attachable to a broad side of the air box guide and has a width of at least 0.25*b and a length of at least 10 mm. A surface thereof is defined with at least one recess having a maximum clear opening of at least 0.1 mm for the through passage of at least one high-pressure water jet or at least one laser beam.

An object is irradiated with a laser light modulated by a reflection type spatial light modulator such that aberration of the laser light converged inside the object becomes a predetermined aberration or less. Therefore, aberration of the laser light generated at a position on which a converging point of the laser light is located is made as small as possible, to enhance the energy density of the laser light at that position, which makes it possible to form a modified region with a high function as a starting point for cutting. In addition, because the reflection type spatial light modulator is used, it is possible to improve the utilization efficiency of the laser light as compared with a transmissive type spatial light modulator.