An example laser system includes one or more optical transmission media that are part of an optical path originating at a laser generator configured to generate an input laser beam. The example laser system includes an analyzer for receiving the input laser beam and for characterizing at least a profile and energy of the input laser beam. The example laser system includes a circulator for receiving the input laser beam from the analyzer and for minimizing or eliminating reflections. The example laser system includes a beam transformer for receiving the input laser beam from the circulator and for altering at least one property of the input laser beam thereby generating an output laser beam. The example laser system includes a writing head for altering at least one optical property of the beam transformer.

A laser beam adjustment system for adjusting a laser beam to a parallel light. The system includes a beam adjustment unit having a plurality of lenses arranged in an optical path of the laser beam and, first and second mirrors that reflect the laser beam having passed through the beam adjustment unit, first and second cameras configured to capture images of a first light having passed through the first mirror and a second light having passed through the second mirror, calculation sections configured to calculate first and second beam diameters of the first light and second light from the images captured by the first and second cameras, and a lens adjustment section configured to move one of the lenses of the beam adjustment unit in a direction parallel to the optical path of the laser beam so that the first and second beam diameters match each other.

Disclosed are a method of controlling a size of a molten pool formed during a 3D printing process in real time and a system for the same. A thermal image of the molten pool is taken by a thermal imaging camera. A temperature interface exceeding a melting point of a base metal is specified in the thermal image. A size of the molten pool is obtained by estimating a length, a width, and a depth of the molten pool using the temperature interface. A predicted size of the molten pool is obtained using an artificial neural network model. An actually measured size of the molten pool is derived from a surface temperature of the molten pool. An error between the predicted size and the measured size of the molten pool is calculated to be used for controlling the size of the molten pool in real time.

A laser beam spot shape correcting method includes a laser beam irradiating step of irradiating a concave mirror with a laser beam, an imaging step of imaging reflected light by a beam profiler, an image forming step of forming an XZ plane image or a YZ plane image from an XY plane image imaged in the imaging step, and a comparing step of comparing the image formed in the image forming step with an XZ plane image or a YZ plane image of an ideal laser beam. A phase pattern displayed on a display unit of a spatial light modulator is changed such that the XZ plane image or the YZ plane image formed in the image forming step coincides with the XZ plane image or the YZ plane image of the ideal laser beam.

A mechanism for detecting the inside of a workpiece includes a wavelength delaying unit for outputting each pulse of a pulsed laser beam emitted from a laser oscillator with time differences imparted to respective wavelengths, and a ring generating unit for generating a ring-shaped pulsed laser beam from the pulsed laser beam with the time differences imparted to the respective wavelengths and diffracting the ring-shaped pulsed laser beam into ring-shaped laser beams ranging from small to large at the respective wavelengths. When the ring-shaped laser beams with the time differences imparted to the respective wavelengths are applied to the workpiece, they produce an interference wave of ultrasonic waves in the workpiece, and vibrations are produced at a position where the interference wave of the ultrasonic waves is converged. A laser beam is applied to an upper surface of the workpiece at a position aligned with the center of the vibrations.

A manufacturing process is provided that includes steps of: providing a panel comprising a core connected to a first skin, wherein the panel is configured with a plurality of cavities extending through the core to the first skin; partially forming a first perforation in the first skin using a laser beam; operating a sensor to sense optical emissions produced during the partial forming of the first perforation; and determining, based on an output of the sensor, whether to: continue formation of the first perforation in the first skin; or terminate formation of the first perforation in the first skin.

A first detector detects an output of a reflected beam from an exit end surface of a first parallel plate. A determination unit determines that an abnormality occurs in the first parallel plate when the detection value of the first detector is smaller than a predetermined determination threshold.

A laser processing apparatus includes a laser beam applying unit for applying a laser beam to a workpiece, and a control unit. The laser beam applying unit includes a laser oscillator for emitting a laser, a condensing lens, a concave mirror having a focal point at a focused spot of the condensing lens and having a spherical reflecting surface, a beam splitter for transmitting therethrough the laser beam emitted from the laser oscillator toward the condensing lens and branching off a reflected beam, and a wavefront measuring unit for receiving the reflected beam and acquiring wavefront data. The control unit changes a phase pattern to be displayed on a display portion of a spatial light modulator on the basis of the wavefront data.

A system may include an emitting device and a controller. The emitting device may be adapted to emit a first laser beam and a second laser beam. The controller may include one or more processors and may be operably coupled to the emitting device to control emission of the first and second laser beams. The controller may be adapted to remove a portion of a workpiece to form an exposed surface of the workpiece with the first laser beam using the emitting device and to remove a portion of the exposed surface with the second laser beam using the emitting device.

An optical device for detecting the drift of a light beam of a laser machining system includes a beam splitter for obtaining a first light beam along a first optical path and a second light beam along a second optical path. The optical device further includes a focal module positioned at least partially along the first optical path to obtain a focused light beam that is directed towards a first light beam matrix detection means positioned in a focusing plane associated with the focal module. The optical device also includes an afocal module positioned at least partially along the second optical path to obtain a collimated light beam that is directed towards a second light beam matrix detection means.