The present disclosure relates to a welding composition for joining high manganese steel base metals to low carbon steel base metals, as well as systems and methods for the same. The composition includes: carbon in a range of about 0.1 wt % to about 0.4 wt %; manganese in a range of about 15 wt % to about 25 wt %; chromium in a range of about 2.0 wt % to about 8.0 wt %; molybdenum in an amount of ≦ about 2.0 wt %; nickel in an amount of ≦ about 10 wt %; silicon in an amount of ≦ about 0.7 wt %; sulfur in an amount of ≦ about 100 ppm; phosphorus in an amount of ≦ about 200 ppm; and a balance comprising iron. In an embodiment, the composition has an austenitic microstructure.

An arc weld stud for fastening a member to a structure with an unthreaded nut includes a weld end having an ignition tip, and a threaded portion defined by a thread configured to form a corresponding counter-thread into a smooth bore of the unthreaded nut, wherein the arc weld stud comprises a material that is harder than the material of the unthreaded nut.

An assembly includes a first steel component that is joined to a second steel component by a weld joint formed in a hybrid welding process. At least one of the first and second steel components is a through-hardened bearing steel. In the hybrid welding process, base material of the first and second steel components is melted, and a molten filler material including at least 90% nickel is added. The weld joint is formed after solidification of the molten base material and of the molten filler material. The weld joint has a central solidified portion and a peripheral solidified portion, and the central solidified portion includes at least 80% filler material and the peripheral solidified portion includes no more than 20% filler material.

An apparatus and method for fastening dissimilar materials like steel, plastic and aluminum. A resistance welding fastener having multiple layers may be used with or without a sealant. The fastener may be used to form an aluminum covered steel laminate via a hemming pattern of attachment. The fastener may have a solid shaft or have an extended reach and have features for interacting with the welding electrode. A variety of electrode tips may be employed to cooperate with the fastener.

A welded structural assembly and method, in one form, includes an upper substrate, a lower substrate adjacent the upper substrate, a fastener, and a sealing member. The fastener includes a shank portion, a first head portion, and a second head portion. The shank portion extends through the upper substrate and into the lower substrate. The shank is welded to the lower substrate. The first head portion has an outer periphery and an underside. The second head portion is frangibly coupled to the first head portion. The sealing member is disposed under the first head portion between the upper substrate and the first head portion. The sealing member contacts the underside and extends beyond the outer periphery such that the sealing member extends radially outward beyond all points of the first head portion.

A Ni-based alloy wire for submerged arc welding according to an aspect of the present invention includes, as a chemical composition, by mass %, C: 0.001% to 0.060%, Si: 0.01% to 3.00%, Mn: 0.01% to 6.00%, Mo: 15.0% to 25.0%, W: 2.5% to 10.0%, Ta: 0.002% to 0.100%, Ni: 65.0% to 82.4%, Al: 0% to 2.00%, Ti: 0% to 2.00%, Cu: 0% to 1.0%, P: 0% to 0.0200%, S: 0% to 0.0200%, N: 0% to 0.1000%, O: 0% to 0.0100%, Fe: 0% to 10.0000%, Co: 0% to 0.1000%, Cr: 0% to 1.0000%, V: 0% to 0.1000%, Nb: 0% to 0.1000%, B: 0% to 0.0100%, Bi: 0% to 0.0100%, Ca: 0% to 0.0200%, REM: 0% to 0.0300%, Zr: 0% to 0.1000%, and a remainder: impurities; in which a value X is 0.010% to 0.180%.

The invention relates to a welding electrode for resistance welding, formed by a welding tool made of a metal, the welding tool having a contact surface that comes into contact with the workpiece to be welded. In order to avoid adhesion between the contact surface and a workpiece made, in particular of aluminum, it is suggested in the invention that the contact surface is made of diamond doped with boron.

A torque converter includes an impeller and a cover rotationally fixed to the impeller. The cover has opposing inner and outer surfaces and a through hole extending from the inner surface to the outer surface. A stud is attached to the cover. The stud has a head and a shank extending from the head. The head defines an annular projection circumscribing the shank and raised from the head. The stud is disposed on the cover with the shank extending through the hole to project from the outer surface and with the head being connected to the cover by coalescence between the annular projection and the inner surface creating a hermetic seal around the hole.

A welding process used in a method of manufacturing a steel sheet assembly includes spot welding steel sheets performed for a heat time of 0.08 seconds or more using a convex electrode with a tip radius of curvature of 20 mm or more or a flat electrode such that the weld force F (kN) for initial 0.03 seconds of the heat time satisfies formula: F<0.00125×(1+0.75×t.sub.all)+3 where TS (MPa) denotes an average strength of the steel sheets and represents a weighted mean value of a thickness of each of the steel sheets, and t.sub.all (mm) denotes a total thickness of the steel sheets (the sum of the thicknesses of the steel sheets).

The invention relates to a method for connecting at least two component layers by means of a connection element. the invention to provide a particularly advantageous method for connecting at least two component layers lying on top of each other through the creation of a pilot hole in at least one cover layer. The pilot hole in the form of a through hole is made in the at least one cover layer using only a plasma jet, which cover layer is at least temporarily held in place on the base layer. Holding the cover layer and the base layer temporarily fixed to each other will allow the connection element to be placed at the same position in the base layer where the pilot hole is made. Sufficiently large layers can thus be kept in a fixed position relative to one another solely using their weight and friction.