A composite material comprising a plurality of round particles bound together by a binding material. Each of the plurality of round particles includes a wear resistant element, an intermediate coating on the wear resistant element, and a round outer layer encapsulating the intermediate coating and the wear resistant element. The intermediate coating is metallurgically bonded to the wear resistant element, and is metallurgically bondable to the binding material.

The invention relates generally to welding and, more specifically, to welding wires for arc welding, such as Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) or Flux Core Arc Welding (FCAW). In one embodiment, a tubular welding wire for joining steel workpieces via arc welding includes a steel sheath disposed around a core. The core includes iron powder, iron titanium powder, silico-manganese powder, iron silicon powder, iron sulfide, graphite, rare earth compound, and a frit. The frit includes a Group I or Group II compound, silicon dioxide, and titanium dioxide. The graphite and the frit together comprise less than 10% of the core by weight.

The invention relates generally to welding and, more specifically, to welding wires for arc welding, such as Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) or Flux Core Arc Welding (FCAW). In one embodiment, a tubular welding wire for joining steel workpieces via arc welding includes a steel sheath disposed around a core. The core includes iron powder, iron titanium powder, silico-manganese powder, iron silicon powder, iron sulfide, graphite, rare earth compound, and a frit. The frit includes a Group I or Group II compound, silicon dioxide, and titanium dioxide. The graphite and the frit together comprise less than 10% of the core by weight.

Provided are flux for resin flux cored solder, flux for flux-coated solder, resin flux cored solder using the flux for resin flux cored solder, flux-coated solder using the flux for flux-coated solder, and a soldering method, which have low residue and are excellent in processability. The flux for resin flux cored solder or flux-coated solder contains a solid solvent in an amount of 70 wt % or more and 99.5 wt % or less, and an activator in an amount of 0.5 wt % or more and 30 wt % or less.

Provided are flux for resin flux cored solder, flux for flux-coated solder, resin flux cored solder using the flux for resin flux cored solder, flux-coated solder using the flux for flux-coated solder, and a soldering method, which have low residue and are excellent in processability. The flux for resin flux cored solder or flux-coated solder contains a solid solvent in an amount of 70 wt % or more and 99.5 wt % or less, and an activator in an amount of 0.5 wt % or more and 30 wt % or less.

The method for assembling a carrier comprises a step A), in which a plurality of pigments (100), each with an electronic component (1), is provided. Further, each pigment comprises a meltable solder material (2) directly adjoining a mounting side (10) of the component. At least 63% by volume of each pigment is formed by the solder material. The mounting side of each component has a higher wettability with the molten solder material than a top side (12) and a side surface (11) of the component. In a step B), a carrier (200) with pigment landing areas (201) is provided, the pigment landing areas having higher wettability with the molten solder material of the pigments than the regions laterally adjacent to the pigment landing areas and than the side surfaces and the top sides of the components. In a step C), the pigments are applied to the carrier. In a step D), the pigments are heated so that the solder material melts.

The method for assembling a carrier comprises a step A), in which a plurality of pigments (100), each with an electronic component (1), is provided. Further, each pigment comprises a meltable solder material (2) directly adjoining a mounting side (10) of the component. At least 63% by volume of each pigment is formed by the solder material. The mounting side of each component has a higher wettability with the molten solder material than a top side (12) and a side surface (11) of the component. In a step B), a carrier (200) with pigment landing areas (201) is provided, the pigment landing areas having higher wettability with the molten solder material of the pigments than the regions laterally adjacent to the pigment landing areas and than the side surfaces and the top sides of the components. In a step C), the pigments are applied to the carrier. In a step D), the pigments are heated so that the solder material melts.

The disclosure provides a low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel flux-cored wire and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of welding materials. The disclosure aims at solving the technical problems of nitrogen element loss, air holes, hot cracks in a welding seam area, and pitting corrosion caused by nitride precipitation in a heat affected area that are easily generated in a welding joint when low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel is welded in the prior art. The flux-cored wire of the disclosure is prepared from a flux core and a stainless steel sheath. During welding, gas protection is not needed. The flux core is formed by mixing an alloy component and a slag system. The alloy component is formed by mixing electrolytic manganese, ferrosilicon, chromium metal, nickel metal, ferromolybdenum, copper powder and ferrochrome nitride powder in percentage by mass. The slag system is formed by mixing complex fluoride, a carbonate mixture, potassium feldspar, rutile, zircon sand and Al—Mg alloy in percentage by mass. The method includes: mixing the alloy component and the slag system, filling the mixture into the stainless steel sheath, and performing drawing and diameter reduction to obtain the low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel flux-cored wire.

The disclosure provides a low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel flux-cored wire and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of welding materials. The disclosure aims at solving the technical problems of nitrogen element loss, air holes, hot cracks in a welding seam area, and pitting corrosion caused by nitride precipitation in a heat affected area that are easily generated in a welding joint when low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel is welded in the prior art. The flux-cored wire of the disclosure is prepared from a flux core and a stainless steel sheath. During welding, gas protection is not needed. The flux core is formed by mixing an alloy component and a slag system. The alloy component is formed by mixing electrolytic manganese, ferrosilicon, chromium metal, nickel metal, ferromolybdenum, copper powder and ferrochrome nitride powder in percentage by mass. The slag system is formed by mixing complex fluoride, a carbonate mixture, potassium feldspar, rutile, zircon sand and Al—Mg alloy in percentage by mass. The method includes: mixing the alloy component and the slag system, filling the mixture into the stainless steel sheath, and performing drawing and diameter reduction to obtain the low-nickel nitrogen-containing austenitic stainless steel flux-cored wire.

Systems for multi-wire submerged arc welding including a flux-cored wire electrode comprising an internal flux, the internal flux comprising about 5% to about 70% of a carbonate compound and less than 25% of calcium fluoride (CaF.sub.2) by weight of the flux; an external flux for submerged arc welding, are provided such that, after a submerged arc welding process, the systems provide a weld metal comprising nitrogen in an amount of less than 100 ppm. Methods of performing multi-wire submerged arc welding using a flux-cored electrode and an external flux are also described.