A constant temperature water supply apparatus includes a temperature adjustment unit that circulates cooling water and adjusts the temperature of a spindle unit of a processing apparatus and a processing water temperature adjustment unit. The temperature adjustment unit includes a pump that sends the cooling water to the spindle unit, a cooling water cooling unit, a first pipe that connects the pump and the cooling unit, a second pipe that connects the cooling unit and the spindle unit, and a third pipe that connects the spindle unit and the pump. The processing water temperature adjustment unit includes a processing water pipe that has one end connected to a water source and supplies processing water from the other end side to a processing tool and a heat exchange unit on the processing water pipe.

A water temperature setting method for a processing apparatus for processing a workpiece held by a holding table by rotating at a high speed a spindle with a processing tool mounted thereto and supplying processing water to the processing tool. A set temperature for the processing water supplied to the processing tool is set to be higher than a set temperature for spindle cooling water supplied to a spindle unit that rotates the spindle at the high speed, in consideration of a lowering in temperature due to evaporation of the processing water scattered from the processing tool due to the high-speed rotation of the processing tool.

The use of cryogenic coolant in a machining operation in Ti, Ti-alloys or Ni-alloys together with a cutting tool of a cemented carbide substrate with a gradient surface zone with a thickness of between 50-400 m is provided. The cemented carbide substrate has a binder phase gradient with the lowest binder phase content in the outermost part of the gradient surface zone and the cemented carbide having graphite. The arrangement leads to a significantly prolonged tool life.

This application presents a method and apparatus for cooling a through-ported cutting tool with a source of liquid CO.sub.2 with a compressed air line with a compressed air inlet and multiple CO.sub.2 injection capillary segments; the capillary segments interconnect to the same source of liquid CO.sub.2 and can have high pressure valves and throttles; the throttles have different sizes; a first capillary ends near the cutting tool; the second capillary ends near the compressed air inlet. Using a particular sequence of opening or closing the valves to the liquid CO.sub.2 to the capillaries, mixing with the compressed air provides and recycling the residual CO.sub.2, this invention provides for uniform and controlled cooling of the cutting tool within a certain temperature range.

A device for cooling and lubricating a tool during a chip removal machining process, which includes: a first subsystem for cryogenic cooling that includes: a first entry configured to introduce CO.sub.2 in liquid state in a first conduit of the device; a first exit configured to supply CO.sub.2 in liquid state from a second conduit of the device; a third conduit located between the first and second conduit; and means for preventing the formation of dry ice in the first, second and third conduits; and a second subsystem for lubrication that includes means for supplying micro-particles of a cutting oil in liquid state; wherein the first subsystem and second subsystem are independent from each other, and wherein the first subsystem and second subsystem are configured to act either simultaneously or either one alone. Method of operation of the device.

A rotating cutting tool that is internally cooled by cryogenic coolant, the rotating cutting tool has a cylindrical body including: a central bore that extends along a longitudinal axis of the cylindrical body; a plurality of cold flow delivery paths formed from radial bores that fluidly communicate with and extend radially-outwardly from the central bore; longitudinal grooves that are formed along an outer surface of the cylindrical body extending along the longitudinal axis and fluidly communicating with the radial bores; a bushing having an inner diameter closely conforming to the outer surface of the cylindrical body allowing the bushing to concentrically fit over the cylindrical body and the longitudinal grooves to form longitudinal passageways extending from the radial bores to one or more exhaust ports formed in the bushing proximate a rear face of the cylindrical body; and a plurality of flutes for cutting a workpiece each having a cutting edge formed from the bushing.

A method for machining workpieces, having a cryogenic fluid intake in a machining zone, including locating a valve on the line connecting a fluid source to a machining tool in the machining zone, the valve self-regulates the degree of opening according to the pressure required downstream thereof, the valve is located inside a cold box for implementing the cryogenic fluid and provides a fixed and adjustable pressure, and a fixed adjustable flow, to the machining tool, irrespective of the tool that is used, and the number of orifices and the diameter of the fluid ejection orifices in the tool.

A detecting system includes a tank unit, a pump and a controller. The tank unit includes a tank and an ultrasonic sensor. The tank stores machining fluid. The ultrasonic sensor is disposed on the tank, and measures a distance to a surface of the machining fluid stored in the tank and outputs a distance signal based on measurement of the distance. The pump is disposed on the tank, is connected to a nozzle of a machine tool, and pumps the machining fluid from the tank to the nozzle for spraying the machining fluid on a workpiece. The controller is connected to the machine tool, the ultrasonic sensor and the pump, and receives the distance signal, performs a liquid-level analysis based on the distance signal, and outputs to the machine tool a result of the liquid-level analysis.

A cryogenically cooled boring tool design reduces the effect of cryogen coolant on a workpiece caused by coolant leakage and coolant exhaust. A tool body has a cartridge for holding a cutting tool insert and a coolant supply path through the tool body and the cartridge for supplying cryogenic coolant to the tool insert. A feed transfer tube connects the coolant supply path in the tool body to the coolant supply path in the cartridge. Insulating tubes line portions of the coolant supply paths in the tool body and the cartridge. The shrinkage rates of the feed transfer tube and the insulating tubes cause the press fit of the insulating tubes to tighten the seal between the insulating tubes and the feed transfer tube when cryogenic coolant flows through the supply path. The exhaust ports on the tool for boiled-off cryogen remains outside of a workpiece bore.

A drill bit having an interior canal for liquid nitrogen to pass longitudinally through the body of the drill bit. The canal has, on the side of a cutting edge of the drill bit, at least one liquid nitrogen ejection duct that opens near the cutting edge which is formed by an insert made with polycrystalline diamond fixed to the body of the drill bit. A device for drilling a metal-composite stack includes the drill bit, a liquid nitrogen production unit and a distribution network to distribute the liquid nitrogen. The device drills through a metal-composite stack in a single pass of the drill bit. The liquid nitrogen at cryogenic temperature is conveyed close to the cutting edge, at least while the cutting edge is in contact with the metallic material.