Alignment modules attached to a robotic tool changer assist spatial orientation and alignment of a robot arm relative to a robotic tool for location training. A three-axis spatial orientation sensor is first attached to an alignment module affixed to a tool unit. The sensor is “zeroed,” or calibrated to the spatial orientation of the tool unit. The sensor is transferred to a corresponding surface of an alignment module affixed to a master unit. The orientation of the robot arm is adjusted to eliminate sensor error signals indicating deviations from the zeroed orientation of the tool unit. An optical signal, such as a cross line laser beam, is then projected between the alignment modules. The x- and y-axis position of the robot arm is adjusted to align the optical signal with alignment markings. When the master and tool units are aligned, the robot arm is advanced in the z-axis direction until the master unit abuts the tool unit.

A method of calibrating a system including a camera, the method including detecting a robot navigating within an environment modeled as a geo-polygon space, including a transit of the robot through a scene of the environment captured by the camera, mapping a plurality of points occupied by the robot in images of the scene to the geo-polygon space, recording data about the mapping, and configuring at least one alert using the data recorded about the mapping, the alert executed by the computing system and configured to be triggered by an object transiting the scene.

A processing robot system includes a connection setting information group storage device provided inside a robot control device, a teaching operation panel, and a PC. The connection setting information group storage device stores a connection setting information group including information on settings for a digital communication standard between a processing device and the robot control device, and information on the allocation of I/O signals to be transmitted between the processing device and the robot control device via digital communication and which outputs the connection setting information group as one file. The teaching operation panel and the PC have a screen on which each piece of setting information included in the connection setting information group can be displayed and edited. Such a processing robot system can easily make settings for connection with a digital-controlled processing device.

A range finder device for monitoring a 3D position of a robot processing tool relative to a tracking device mounted adjacent to the robot processing tool is disclosed. A body attachable to the tracking device supports a laser unit and a camera unit. The laser unit projects a triangulation laser mark on a target area of the processing tool. The mark, a tool center point and a processing area are in a field of view of the camera unit. A control unit controls operation of the laser unit and has an image analyzer circuit for receiving an image signal produced by the camera unit, producing triangulation laser measurement data from the triangulation laser mark in the image signal, generating a signal indicative of the position of the robot processing tool as function of the triangulation laser measurement data, and transmitting the image signal produced by the camera unit.

A control device for a robot includes a processor configured to implement: a function of obtaining a signal indicating a detected value of a sensor detecting a state quantity of the robot; and a function of, in converting the detected value to an estimated value of the state quantity according to a conversion function obtained by calibration of the sensor, applying an offset value compensating for a difference between the estimated value and the actual state quantity in a critical situation in operation of the robot.

Semi-closed control or fully closed control is selected as a control system for a joint using a motor configured to drive a joint of a robot arm via a reduction gear, an input-side encoder, and an output-side encoder, the semi-closed control being control in which an output of the input-side encoder is used, the fully closed control being control in which an output of the output-side encoder is used. A test run is performed plural times in which the robot arm is caused to perform a specific operation while semi-closed control is being performed on the joint, and semi-closed control or fully closed control is selected using outputs of the output-side encoder obtained in the test runs or in accordance with the content of a task that the robot arm is to be caused to perform.

A method and an apparatus for calibrating a tool in a flange coordinate system of a robot are disclosed. The method includes: acquiring a rotation angle of each joint of a robot when a to-be-calibrated tool fasted on an end joint mounting portion of the robot moves to a central point of the to-be-calibrated tool and overlaps with a calibration reference point acquiring calibration information of a central point of a calibrated tool in a flange coordinate system of the robot and completing calibration of the central point of the to-be-calibrated tool in the flange coordinate system of the robot according to the calibration information of the central point of the calibrated tool and a rotation angle of the to-be calibrated tool.

This disclosure is related to a non-contact tool center point calibration method for a robot arm, and the method comprises: obtaining a coordinate transformation relationship between a flange surface of the robot arm and cameras by a hand-eye calibration algorithm; constructing a space coordinate system by a stereoscopic reconstruction method; actuating a replaceable member fixed with the flange surface to present postures in a union field of view of the cameras sequentially, recording feature coordinates of the replaceable member in the space coordinate system, and recording flange surface coordinates which is under the postures in the space coordinate system; obtaining a transformation relationship between a tool center point and the flange surface; and updating the transformation relationship into a control program of the robot arm. Moreover, the disclosure further discloses a calibration device performing the calibration method and a robot arm system having the calibration function.

A method of controlling a component handler includes acquiring and using calibration data. The component handler includes a calibrated actuator comprising a stationary part, a movable part, coil(s), and an actuating member, and a component holder comprising a distal end and an elastic member. The component holder is actuable from a resting to an extended position by the actuating member and in reverse by the elastic member. The calibration data is acquired by: bringing the actuating member into contact with an actuable portion of the component holder, moving the component holder in a position within the resting and extended position, measuring a required current in the coil(s) to maintain or move the component holder in the position, and determining the calibration data from the current, which is used to control the actuator such that the distal end applies a predetermined force on the component in a pick-up position.

Embodiments of the present application provide a calibration method, a mechanical arm control method, and a surgical system for calibrating an angle of a target feature structure installed on an end of the mechanical arm. The calibration method includes: setting a moving path of the end and controlling the end to move along the moving path, the moving path including at least three position points that are not located on a same straight line; obtaining a first position of the moving path of the end in an absolute coordinate system; obtaining a second position of the target feature structure in the absolute coordinate system; and determining a relative positional relationship between the target feature structure and a mechanical arm end coordinate system according to the first position, the second position and a predetermined third position of the moving path in the mechanical arm end coordinate system.