Embodiments described herein relate to a composite structures or sandwiches that may have a relatively high bending stiffness and may have a relatively light weight as well as related methods of use and fabrication of the composite sandwiches. For example, a composite sandwich may include a core structure sandwiched between a two composite skins.

Embodiments described herein relate to a composite structures or sandwiches that may have a relatively high bending stiffness and may have a relatively light weight as well as related methods of use and fabrication of the composite sandwiches. For example, a composite sandwich may include a core structure sandwiched between a two composite skins.

A reinforced composite structure that includes multiple regions of different geometric configurations connected together by a transition region. The reinforced composite structure includes reinforcement fibers on at least a portion of the transition region.

A shaping apparatus for a pouch-shaped battery case includes a punch configured to press a laminate sheet in order to shape an electrode assembly receiving portion of the pouch-shaped battery case, a die in which an accommodation portion is formed having a size corresponding to the electrode assembly receiving portion, a holder configured to fix an outer periphery of the laminate sheet, and an electromagnetic field-generating means attached to the punch and configured to generate an electromagnetic field. A pouch-shaped battery case shaping process uses the shaping apparatus to manufacture the pouch-shaped battery case.