A fluid phase change thermal management cooling method and apparatus for removing heat from a source of heat, the method comprising the steps of: filling a cooling chamber with volume V1 of a fluid phase change thermal management cooling apparatus with a fluid in its liquid phase; increasing the volume of the cooling chamber to volume V2 to va-pourise a portion of the fluid from its liquid phase to its vapour phase such that there is substantially only the fluid in its liquid phase and fluid in its vapour phase within the volume V2; allowing a dwell time that provides for at least some of the fluid in its liquid phase that has contact with a heated surface of the cooling chamber to be vaporised; and repeating the steps where timing of the steps and dwell time between steps is selected to control heat build-up within selected limits.

Disclosed is a surface cleaning robot and a process for manufacturing a track thereof. The surface cleaning robot includes a body, where a walking unit is provided at the bottom of the body, the walking unit includes a track and a gear driving the track, the track includes a hard layer in the inner ring engaging with the gear and a soft layer in the outer ring contacting a cleaning surface, and the hard layer and the soft layer are nested and combined as a whole. The present disclosure adopts a composite track that closely nests and combines inner and outer rings of different materials.

Disclosed is a surface cleaning robot and a process for manufacturing a track thereof. The surface cleaning robot includes a body, where a walking unit is provided at the bottom of the body, the walking unit includes a track and a gear driving the track, the track includes a hard layer in the inner ring engaging with the gear and a soft layer in the outer ring contacting a cleaning surface, and the hard layer and the soft layer are nested and combined as a whole. The present disclosure adopts a composite track that closely nests and combines inner and outer rings of different materials.

Packages, systems, and methods of the present disclosure are generally directed to the use of side gating in injection molding to form packaging for contact lenses. As compared to gating along a top surface of a contact lens package, the use of a side gate in injection molding to form a package for contact lenses may significantly reduce the time required to cool plastic in the injection mold, thus offering potential to reduce the overall cycle time for the injection molding process and increase fabrication throughput of the package.

Packages, systems, and methods of the present disclosure are generally directed to the use of side gating in injection molding to form packaging for contact lenses. As compared to gating along a top surface of a contact lens package, the use of a side gate in injection molding to form a package for contact lenses may significantly reduce the time required to cool plastic in the injection mold, thus offering potential to reduce the overall cycle time for the injection molding process and increase fabrication throughput of the package.

A mold for injection molding includes: three or more cavity rows, each cavity row having a plurality of cavities; and a cooling flow path configured to allow a cooling medium to flow through the cooling flow path, the cooling medium cooling the cavities, the cooling flow path including: at least one supply port; a distribution conduit communicated with the supply port; a supply conduit communicated with the distribution conduit; a cavity cooling portion communicated with the supply conduit and provided to an outer periphery of the cavities; a discharge conduit communicated with the cavity cooling portion; a collecting conduit communicated with the discharge conduit; and at least one discharge port communicated with the collecting conduit, and the supply conduit and the discharge conduit are parallel to the cavity rows, and at least one supply conduit and at least one discharge conduit are provided for each cavity row.

A mold for injection molding includes: three or more cavity rows, each cavity row having a plurality of cavities; and a cooling flow path configured to allow a cooling medium to flow through the cooling flow path, the cooling medium cooling the cavities, the cooling flow path including: at least one supply port; a distribution conduit communicated with the supply port; a supply conduit communicated with the distribution conduit; a cavity cooling portion communicated with the supply conduit and provided to an outer periphery of the cavities; a discharge conduit communicated with the cavity cooling portion; a collecting conduit communicated with the discharge conduit; and at least one discharge port communicated with the collecting conduit, and the supply conduit and the discharge conduit are parallel to the cavity rows, and at least one supply conduit and at least one discharge conduit are provided for each cavity row.

Techniques are described for injection molding. When material inside a cavity of a tool is solidified into a molded part, the tool imparts a finished surface onto the part, including sidewalls with a zero or low-draft angle. To allow separation from the cavity without using sleeves or sliders, the cavity is widened, just prior to the part being ejected. The tool is made from metal with a high coefficient of thermal expansion, so the size of the cavity can be manipulated using temperature control. Heat applied to an outer portion of the metal surrounding the cavity pulls the metal away from the part creating an air gap within the cavity. Carefully applied cooling to an inner portion of the metal blocks the heat and keeps the surface temperature under control, which preserves the finished surface on the part. When the air gap allows, the part releases from the cavity with the finished surface intact.

Techniques are described for injection molding. When material inside a cavity of a tool is solidified into a molded part, the tool imparts a finished surface onto the part, including sidewalls with a zero or low-draft angle. To allow separation from the cavity without using sleeves or sliders, the cavity is widened, just prior to the part being ejected. The tool is made from metal with a high coefficient of thermal expansion, so the size of the cavity can be manipulated using temperature control. Heat applied to an outer portion of the metal surrounding the cavity pulls the metal away from the part creating an air gap within the cavity. Carefully applied cooling to an inner portion of the metal blocks the heat and keeps the surface temperature under control, which preserves the finished surface on the part. When the air gap allows, the part releases from the cavity with the finished surface intact.

An injection molding heat removal sensing and control system and method are provided for determining and controlling a heat transfer rate for a mold in a molding machine. The system includes an inflow temperature sensor for sensing an inflow temperature for coolant provided to the mold, an outflow temperature sensor for sensing an outflow temperature for coolant exiting the mold, and a flow rate sensor for sensing a flow rate for coolant through the mold. The electronic processor is also configured to calculate a heat transfer rate for the mold from the inflow temperature, the outflow temperature, the flow rate for the coolant, and the calculated mass and the temperature of the molten plastic. The processor determines a time lag between when heat enters the mold and when heat is removed by the coolant and pre-emptively adjusts coolant flow rate to provide uniform heat transfer throughout a molding cycle. The heat transfer rate and total energy removed can be determined and provided on the display.