A method of forming a cup-shaped body for a beverage capsule comprising the steps of: a) in a first stage drawing a sheet of material into a cup-shaped body preform; and b) in a second stage transforming the cup-shaped body preform into the cup-shaped body; wherein after the first stage the cup-shaped body preform comprises a base and a preformed side wall which extends from the base to a rim; wherein the preformed side wall comprises: an outwardly-extending step proximate the rim; a primary side wall section extending between the base and the outwardly-extending step; and a secondary side wall section extending between the outwardly-extending step and the rim; wherein in the second stage the preformed side wall is deformed such that the cup-shaped body comprises the base and a side wall which extends from the base to the rim; wherein the side wall comprises: an annular trough; a first side wall section extending between the base and the annular trough; and a second side wall section extending between the annular trough and the rim.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing and compositions for stiffening materials for use in the manufacturing of footwear using a combination of stiffeners and adhesives.

The invention describes a flexible tubular article for transport of volatile hydrocarbons comprising: (a) an inner layer of a polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) polymer or a polyvinylidene difluoride copolymer; (b) an intermediate thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) layer extruded in tubular form over the inner PVDF layer, and (c) a polyvinyl chloride polymer extruded in tubular form over the outside surface of the intermediate layer and being coextensive therewith. The tubular articles of the invention have a maximum permeation rating of 15 g/m.sup.2/day under SAE J1737 test conditions.

Disclosed is a composition that comprises or is produced from a first ethylene α-olefin copolymer, a modified first ethylene α-olefin copolymer, and a second ethylene α-olefin copolymer or propylene α-olefin copolymer. Also disclosed is a multilayer film or sheet structure containing at least one barrier layer; at least one predominantly propylene-based layer, at least one predominantly ethylene-based layer, or both; and at least one adhesive layer produced from the composition. Further disclosed is a produced for producing a multilayer structure using the composition as adhesive layer.

A multilayer flexible tube includes an inner layer including a melt processable fluoropolymer, wherein the fluoropolymer includes a copolymer of a poly vinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and a hexafluoropropylene (HFP); and an outer layer including a melt processable polymer having a shore hardness less than a shore hardness of the inner layer, wherein the multilayer flexible tube has a maximum storage modulus of at least 300 MegaPascal (MPa) at a temperature of about −10° C.

An apparatus and device for creating a vertical strengthening feature within a 3D printed article of manufacture for improving mechanical performance in the Z-direction. Fill material is deposited in voids vertically crossing multiple layers during the build of 3D printing. The device includes a penetrating extension that fits within the void to create a vertical strengthening feature via heat and/or extruded fill material. The size and/or movement of the heated extension can impact the void side walls to reflow the build material and blend the layers together within the void side walls.

An apparatus and device for creating a vertical strengthening feature within a 3D printed article of manufacture for improving mechanical performance in the Z-direction. Fill material is deposited in voids vertically crossing multiple layers during the build of 3D printing. The device includes a penetrating extension that fits within the void to create a vertical strengthening feature via heat and/or extruded fill material. The size and/or movement of the heated extension can impact the void side walls to reflow the build material and blend the layers together within the void side walls.

A method for producing a laminate, the method comprising at least a pretreatment step of pretreating a surface of a substrate made of a plastic film by reactive ion etching so that the maximum displacement of the substrate surface measured by local thermal analysis is 300 nm or more, and a lamination step of laminating a thermoplastic resin layer made of a material different from that of the substrate on the pretreated surface of the substrate; wherein the plastic film is a polyethylene terephthalate film.

Various implementations include a coextrusion device including a first shim plate and a second shim plate coupled to the first shim plate. The first and second shim plates each have a first side, a second side opposite and spaced apart from the first side, a first end, and a second end opposite and spaced apart from the first end. The second end defines one or more outlet openings. A flow channel extends from each of the one or more outlet openings and extends along a centralized axis from the second end toward the first end. A central plane extends perpendicular to the first side and along each of the centralized axes of each shim plate. The central planes of the first and second shim plates intersect an axis perpendicular to the central planes and are spaced apart from each other.

The present disclosure comprises a multi-layer tube including an inner layer comprising a thermoplastic material, an intermediate layer comprising high density polyethylene (HDPE); and an outer layer comprising a thermoplastic material. The HDPE intermediate layer is sandwiched between the outer layer and the inner layer of a thermoplastic material. The thermoplastic material is selected to facilitate extrusion and provide a low cost, robust multi-layer tube for any low temperature glycol cooling system applications.