A tubular body includes a fiber-reinforced resin layer including a prepreg sheet, which is made of fiber-reinforced resin, wound into a tubular shape and cured. The prepreg sheet includes an edge that is located at an end in a direction in which the prepreg sheet is wound. The fiber-reinforced resin layer includes a joining portion where the edge of the prepreg sheet is joined to the prepreg sheet. The joining portion extends helically over a single winding or more around the axis of the tubular body.

A disclosed sizing roller apparatus for a folding process of a battery cell includes: a table fixing and supporting a battery cell; a base plate disposed on a side of the table; a plurality of sizing rollers disposed on the base plate and each having a rotation axis, which is inclined inward toward a folding portion of the battery cell, to press the folding portion of the battery cell in contact with the folding portion; and a plurality of air spray nozzles disposed on the base plate and spraying air to the plurality of sizing rollers.

Method of forming a fiber-reinforced composite by applying multiple layers of prepreg material at the same time such that the proportion of unidirectional fibers which are orientated in the performing direction are greater than the proportion of unidirectional fibers which are obliquely orientated relative to said performing direction. This method controls the presence of overlaps, non-overlaps or gaps between the adjacent turns of the winding, thus improving the quality of the tube. This method also permits a reduction of the manufacturing costs. This method further enables production of tubes in a continuous way with different mandrels arranged to follow each other in a sequence which lead to an improvement of the production rate.

A manufacturing method for a tank is a method of manufacturing the tank by winding fibers impregnated with an epoxy resin in a plurality of layers around an outer circumference of a liner having a body part and dome parts provided at both ends of the body part. The manufacturing method includes sequentially laminating a plurality of hoop layers by hoop-winding the fibers from a side closer to an outer circumference of the body part toward a side farther from the outer circumference of the body part. When laminating the hoop layers, a temperature of end portions of the body part adjacent to the dome parts is set lower than a temperature of a remaining portion of the body part, the remaining portion being a portion of the body part other than the end portions.

Mining methods and systems are disclosed for In-Situ Leaching (ISL) of the mineral ores. ISL extraction is conducted by injecting a suitable leach solution into the ore zone below the water table; oxidizing, complexing and mobilizing the minerals; recovering the pregnant (loaded) solutions through production wells (extraction wells or recovery wells); and, finally, pumping the minerals bearing solution to the surface for further processing. In these methods strips of fabrics saturated with resin are helically or non-helically wrapped around desired shape vertical mandrels, located over the wells, and the partially cured pipes are lowered into the wells to line the wells. These onsite manufactured pipes/linings are used to pump chemical solutions into the ores and subsequently to recover the pregnant (loaded) solutions.

There is provided a manufacturing method of a tank. The manufacturing method comprises a cooling process of cooling down a resin-adhering fiber bundle that has a resin adhering to a fiber bundle; and a winding process of winding the resin-adhering fiber bundle that is cooled down by the cooling process, on a rotating liner. The cooling process cools down the resin-adhering fiber bundle to make a temperature of the resin-adhering fiber bundle that is being wound on the liner in the winding process, equal to or lower than a set temperature which is set in advance as a temperature to provide a viscosity of the resin that prevents the resin from being splashed from the resin-adhering fiber bundle by rotation of the liner in a course of winding the resin-adhering fiber bundle on the liner.

There is provided a flexible, helically wound conduit for a breathing circuit. The conduit includes an inlet, an outlet, and an enclosing wall defining a flow passage between the inlet and the outlet, wherein at least a region of the enclosing wall is permeable to water vapor and one or more of O.sub.2 and CO.sub.2. The axial tensile strength of the enclosing wall is greater than 40N. Further provided are limbs comprising the conduit, a method of manufacturing the conduit and the use of the conduit to remove water vapor and/or CO.sub.2 from gas exhaled by a patient.

There is disclosed an apparatus for winding filaments to form a structure. The apparatus includes a carrier which mounts spools of fiber, a mandrel, and a guide element which directs fiber tows, comprising filaments from the spools, onto the mandrel. The system further includes a heating element which applies heat to the fiber tows, and a diaphragm element which defines an orifice about the mandrel. The diaphragm element includes one or more displaceable portions which define a physical dimension of the orifice and which: displace to vary the physical dimension of the orifice; and apply a predetermined pressure to the fiber tows disposed on the mandrel. Also disclosed and described is a related method.

Multi-ply, hybrid composite materials useful in the formation of thin walled, hollow, tubular articles having improved resistance to hoop stress. Two different, single-ply pre-pregs are impregnated with binders and laminated together with the fibers of the layers oriented at a bias relative to each other. The hybrid composite is rolled into a tubular article having excellent strength uniformity along the full length of the tubular article.

Mining methods and systems are disclosed for In-Situ Leaching (ISL) of the mineral ores. ISL extraction is conducted by injecting a suitable leach solution into the ore zone below the water table; oxidizing, complexing and mobilizing the minerals; recovering the pregnant (loaded) solutions through production wells (extraction wells or recovery wells); and, finally, pumping the minerals bearing solution to the surface for further processing. In these methods strips of fabrics saturated with resin are helically or non-helically wrapped around desired shape vertical mandrels, located over the wells, and the partially cured pipes are lowered into the wells to line the wells. These onsite manufactured pipes/linings are used to pump chemical solutions into the ores and subsequently to recover the pregnant (loaded) solutions.