A vehicle member joining structure has: a metal member that is part of a vehicle; a resin member that is adjacent to the metal member; and an adhesive that is provided between the metal member and the resin member and joins the metal member to the resin member, the adhesive having an elastic modulus that is lower than elastic moduli of the metal member and the resin member, wherein, given that (i) L is a difference in linear expansions of the metal member and the resin member at a time of heating in a drying process after application of the adhesive, (ii) T.sub.0 is a thickness of the adhesive and (iii) T.sub.1 is a length of an end surface of the adhesive, the following predetermined relational expression is satisfied
T.sub.1.sup.2=T.sub.0.sup.2+L.sup.2.

A method for bonding fibers includes providing a first fiber layer and a second fiber layer positioned below the first fiber layer to bond the first fiber layer with the second fiber layer. The method may also include providing a first additive layer. The first additive layer is located between the first fiber layer and the second fiber layer. Then, the method may further include activating the first additive layer by directing energy at the first additive layer.

The present disclosure relates to methods and apparatuses for mechanically bonding substrates together. The apparatuses may include a pattern roll having three or more pattern elements protruding radially outward, wherein each pattern element includes a pattern surface. The pattern surfaces are also separated from each other by gaps having minimum widths. The pattern roll may be adjacent an anvil roll to define a nip between the pattern surfaces and the anvil roll, wherein the pattern roll is biased toward the anvil roll to define a nip pressure between pattern surfaces and the anvil roll. As substrates advance between the pattern roll and anvil roll, the substrates are compressed between the anvil roll and the pattern surfaces to form a discrete bond region between the substrates. During the bonding process, some of yielded substrate material also flows from under the pattern surfaces and into the gaps to form gap grommet regions.

A method and associated system for cutting and placing individual nose wires in a facemask production line include supplying a continuous wire from a supply source to a cutting station where the continuous wire is cut into individual nose wires having a defined length. The nose wires are then conveyed to a treatment station prior to being deposited onto a carrier web. At the treatment station, a surface treatment is performed on a side of the nose wires that results in an increased surface attachment of the nose wires to the carrier web.

A pocketed spring assembly comprises a plurality of parallel strings of individually pocketed springs. Each string is joined to at least one adjacent string. Each string has first and second opposed plies of fabric and a plurality of pockets formed along a length of the string by transverse segmented seams joining the plies. Gaps between the segments of the seams allow air to pass into and out of the pockets despite the fabric being impermeable to airflow through the fabric. The fabric has at least four layers. The size of the gaps determines the firmness or feel of the pocketed spring assembly or portion thereof.

A pocketed spring assembly comprises a plurality of parallel strings of individually pocketed springs. Each string is joined to at least one adjacent string. Each string has first and second opposed plies of fabric and a plurality of pockets formed along a length of the string by transverse segmented seams joining the plies. Gaps between the segments of the seams allow air to pass into and out of the pockets despite the fabric being impermeable to airflow through the fabric. The size of the gaps determines the firmness or feel of the pocketed spring assembly or portion thereof.

A fastening system for fixing an object on a base includes a first receptacle storing an aerobic adhesive and includes an associated first withdrawal device. A second receptacle, separate from the first receptacle, stores a free-flowing substance and includes an associated second withdrawal device. The first withdrawal device is configured to generate an aerobic adhesive layer with a height profile on the base. The second withdrawal device is configured to generate a surface layer of the free-flowing substance on the layer of aerobic adhesive with height profile to form a layer, whereby volumetric incorporations or inclusions of the free-flowing substance are formed in the aerobic adhesive when the object is pressed onto the layer structure.

The present disclosure relates to methods and apparatuses for mechanically bonding substrates together. The apparatuses may include a pattern roll having three or more pattern elements protruding radially outward, wherein each pattern element includes a pattern surface. The pattern surfaces are also separated from each other by gaps having minimum widths. The pattern roll may be adjacent an anvil roll to define a nip between the pattern surfaces and the anvil roll, wherein the pattern roll is biased toward the anvil roll to define a nip pressure between pattern surfaces and the anvil roll. As substrates advance between the pattern roll and anvil roll, the substrates are compressed between the anvil roll and the pattern surfaces to form a discrete bond region between the substrates. During the bonding process, some of yielded substrate material also flows from under the pattern surfaces and into the gaps to form gap grommet regions.

A thermoplastic composite structure is produced by consolidating and forming a composite preform to a desired shape. The preform comprises plies of a high melt temperature thermoplastic prepreg that are tacked together by a low melt temperature thermoplastic adhering the plies together in fixed registration.

Examples are disclosed that relate to lightweight and thin composite panels. One example provides a composite panel comprising a mesh core, a first outer skin layer couple to a first side of the mesh core, and a second face layer coupled to a second side of the mesh core.