A stringer and corresponding method is provided having a runout design that softens the stringer. According to one aspect, the stringer includes a base flange, a web, and a noodle. The noodle includes a unidirectional fiber top portion and a stacked laminate bottom portion coupled to the top portion. The bottom portion includes a number of stacks, each stack including three plies having three corresponding fiber orientations within an acreage region of the stringer. In a transition region of the stringer, the stacked laminate bottom portion includes a number of stacks, each stack including the first and third plies of the acreage region. According to another aspect, the base flange is softened by dropping plies within the transition region. Yet another aspect includes trimming the web down to the noodle, while trimming through the noodle according to a trim radius to a height proximate the base flange.

A stringer and corresponding method is provided having a runout design that softens the stringer. According to one aspect, the stringer includes a base flange, a web, and a noodle. The noodle includes a unidirectional fiber top portion and a stacked laminate bottom portion coupled to the top portion. The bottom portion includes a number of stacks, each stack including three plies having three corresponding fiber orientations within an acreage region of the stringer. In a transition region of the stringer, the stacked laminate bottom portion includes a number of stacks, each stack including the first and third plies of the acreage region. According to another aspect, the base flange is softened by dropping plies within the transition region. Yet another aspect includes trimming the web down to the noodle, while trimming through the noodle according to a trim radius to a height proximate the base flange.

A method for producing a component with a surface that is suitable for plastic welding or adhesive bonding of two parts is provided. As a preparation step prior to joining, a filler sheet comprising a thermoplastic material or adhesive is arranged on a first surface of a first component and a structuring tool is arranged on the filler sheet. Mechanical force is applied to the structuring tool and heat is applied to the filler sheet such that the filler sheet is attached to the first surface of the first component and such that the structuring tool is partially embedded in the filler sheet. The structuring tool is subsequently removed from the filler sheet to produce a plurality of protrusions in the outer surface of the filler sheet. After surface structuring the first and second components are joined using any type of welding technique or joined using of adhesive bonding.

A welded joint between at least one metal material element and at least one thermoplastic material element is obtained by pressing the elements against each other while applying heat. Contact surfaces of the metal material, which are in contact with the thermoplastic material, are provided with uneven surface portions having a distribution of asperities. With heat applied, the thermoplastic material fills spaces between these asperities and maintains this configuration after subsequent cooling, thereby improving strength of the joint. The uneven surface portions are obtained in a preliminary forming step of the metal material in a press mould, which is configured with a forming surface for generating the uneven surface portions by mechanical deformation and/or with a device for guiding a laser or electron beam. By this technique, hybrid components are obtained made of one or more elements of metal material between which a shaped component of thermoplastic material is interposed.

A low cost transdermal patch comprises water soluble microneedles and has good performance. A transdermal patch comprises a microneedle sheet, which comprises a plurality of water soluble microneedles, moisture permeable sheet, wherethrough water vapor passes, and a reinforcing film. The reinforcing film is adhered, by an adhesive layer having an adhesive strength less than that of an adhesive layer, onto an outer surface of the moisture permeable sheet, which is the side opposite the skin opposing surface. The reinforcing film includes a water vapor barrier sheet, which blocks the passage of water vapor through at least a first area, and a removable portion around the water vapor barrier sheet. The removable portion is configured such that it can be separated from and peeled off the water vapor barrier sheet.

A process for making water-soluble pouches having at least one compartment on a sealing plane is disclosed. The process is characterized by the difference in the first water-soluble film heating temperature and the second water-soluble film heating temperature being reduced substantially. The resulting water-soluble pouch comprises of almost symmetrically shaped individual compartments relative to the sealing plane respectively and optionally with different depth of each compartment enabling stereoscopic and contemporary appearance to the consumer.