A process for producing a vulcanizable composite material, including the steps of: a) producing or providing a textile strength member, b) treating the textile strength member with an aqueous dispersion for adhesive activation of the textile strength member and to obtain an adhesion-activated textile strength member, and c) introducing the adhesion-activated textile strength member into a crosslinkable rubberization mixture to obtain the vulcanizable composite material, wherein the aqueous dispersion is essentially free of free resorcinol and resorcinol precondensates, especially resorcinol-formaldehyde precondensates, and is free of free formaldehyde and formaldehyde-releasing substances, wherein the textile strength member in step a) has filaments, wherein the filaments contain one or more materials selected from the group consisting of a1) recycled polymers and a2) biobased polymers.

Provided is a pneumatic tire in which the performance is to be improved while suppressing an increase in the thickness by using a reinforcing material applicable to such an insert member or the like by which a target reinforcing performance can be attained while suppressing an increase in the thickness. Provided is a pneumatic tire including: a pair of bead portions 11; a pair of side wall portions 12; and a tread portion 13, and including a carcass layer 2 composed of at least one carcass ply extending toroidally between bead cores 1 embedded in the pair of bead portions respectively as a skeleton. A reinforcing layer 4 using a reinforcing material composed of a core/sheath-type composite fiber (C) in which a core portion is made of a high melting point polyolefin-based resin (A) having a melting point of 150 C. or higher and a sheath portion is made of a low melting point polyolefin-based resin (B) having a melting point of 80 C. or higher and lower than 150 C. is provided on at least the outside of the bead core in the tire radial direction.