A method of applying a paint film to a substrate may include wetting a surface of the substrate or an adhesive layer of a paint film to form a fluid layer thereon. The paint film may further comprise a polymer film layer. The method may further include applying the paint film to the substrate such that the fluid layer is positioned between the adhesive layer and the surface. The applied paint film may be heated with infrared heat to facilitate the removal of the fluid layer and adhere the adhesive layer to the surface. Systems and devices for applying a paint film to a substrate are also disclosed.

A floor may include a substrate having a top side and a bottom side. A top layer may be provided on the substrate. The top layer may consist of a printed thermoplastic film and a thermoplastic transparent or translucent layer provided on the printed thermoplastic film. The top layer may be directly adhered to the substrate by heat welding the printed thermoplastic film and the top side of the substrate, in the absence of a glue layer. The substrate may be a synthetic material board including a filler. The substrate at least at two opposite edges may include coupling means provided in the synthetic material board. The thermoplastic transparent or translucent layer may be provided with a structure.

Disclosed herein are sealed devices comprising a first substrate, a second substrate, an inorganic film between the first and second substrates, and at least one weld region comprising a bond between the first and second substrates. The weld region can comprise a chemical composition different from that of the inorganic film and the first or second substrates. The sealed devices may further comprise a stress region encompassing at least the weld region, in which a portion of the device is under a greater stress than the remaining portion of the device. Also disclosed herein are display and electronic components comprising such sealed devices.

A floor panel may include a substrate and a top layer located above the substrate. The substrate may include a closed cell foamed synthetic material layer with fillers, and have an average density of more than 300 kilograms per cubic meter. The top layer may include a back layer, a printed synthetic material film above the back layer, and a transparent or translucent synthetic material wear layer above the printed synthetic material film. The back layer may include a vinyl compound with fillers, and have a thickness of at least 45 percent of the thickness of the top layer. The floor panel may include first mechanical coupling parts at the pair of long edges and second mechanical coupling parts at the pair of short edges. The first mechanical coupling parts may allow horizontal and vertical locking of two of such floor panels using a turning movement along the respective long edges.

A floor panel may include a substrate and a top layer. The top layer may include a printed thermoplastic film and a thermoplastic transparent or translucent layer provided on the printed thermoplastic film. The substrate may be a synthetic material board including a filler. The substrate may include coupling means provided at edges of the synthetic material board. The coupling means may enable locking with a similar floor panel and prevent separation in a horizontal direction using locking parts with horizontally active locking surfaces. The horizontally active locking surfaces may be oriented at an angle A of more than 90 degrees with the horizontal direction. A first one of the locking parts may be an upstanding part at a bottom lip of a first one of the edges. The angle A may be between (a) a tangent of the horizontally active locking surfaces, and (b) a direction in a horizontal plane that points away from an open curved surface of the upstanding part.

A floor panel has a rectangular and oblong shape, and includes a substrate and a top layer provided on the substrate and forming a decorative side of the floor panel. The top layer is composed of a print provided on a carrier sheet and a transparent thermoplastic layer situated above the print. The substrate has a thickness from 2 to 10 millimeter and forms at least half of the thickness of the floor panel. The substrate is a polyurethane-based substrate and the transparent thermoplastic layer is polyurethane-based. The floor panel has a length of more than 1.1 meters and has a plurality of reinforcing layers situated outside the center line of the substrate. A reinforcing layer may be provided in combination with the substrate and the top layer.

A floor panel has a rectangular and oblong shape, and includes a substrate and a top layer provided on the substrate and forming a decorative side of the floor panel. The top layer is composed of a print provided on a carrier sheet and a transparent thermoplastic layer situated above the print. The substrate has a thickness from 2 to 10 millimeter and forms at least half of the thickness of the floor panel. The substrate is a polyurethane-based substrate and the transparent thermoplastic layer is polyurethane-based. The floor panel has a length of more than 1.1 meters and has a plurality of reinforcing layers situated outside the center line of the substrate. A reinforcing layer may be provided in combination with the substrate and the top layer.

A method of manufacturing a building panel with a decorative surface layer, a core and a balancing and/or protective layer, wherein the method includes applying a first layer of a first powder based mix, including wood fibers and a thermosetting binder, on a core; applying a liquid substance on the first powder based mix; drying the first powder based mix; turning the core with the dried first powder based mix such that the first powder based mix points downwards; applying a second layer on the upper part of the core; and curing the first and second layers by providing heat and pressure, wherein the first layer forms the balancing and/or protective layer and the second layer forms the decorative surface layer in the building panel.

A floor panel has a rectangular and oblong shape, and includes a substrate and a top layer provided on the substrate and forming a decorative side of the floor panel. The top layer is composed of a print provided on a carrier sheet and a transparent thermoplastic layer situated above the print. The substrate has a thickness from 2 to 10 millimeter and forms at least half of the thickness of the floor panel. The substrate is a polyurethane-based substrate and the transparent thermoplastic layer is polyurethane-based. The floor panel has a length of more than 1.1 meters and has a plurality of reinforcing layers situated outside the center line of the substrate. A reinforcing layer may be provided in combination with the substrate and the top layer.

A floor panel may include a substrate and a top layer located above the substrate. The substrate may include a closed cell foamed synthetic material layer with fillers, and have an average density of more than 300 kilograms per cubic meter. The top layer may include a back layer, a printed synthetic material film above the back layer, and a transparent or translucent synthetic material wear layer above the printed synthetic material film. The back layer may include a vinyl compound with fillers, and have a thickness of at least 45 percent of the thickness of the top layer. The floor panel may include first mechanical coupling parts at the pair of long edges and second mechanical coupling parts at the pair of short edges. The first mechanical coupling parts may allow horizontal and vertical locking of two of such floor panels using a turning movement along the respective long edges.