A supporting member separation method for separating a laminate which is formed by laminating a substrate and a support plate through an adhesive layer and in which a release layer is provided on at least a part of the peripheral portion on the surface of the side of the substrate facing the support plate or the peripheral portion on the surface of the side of the support plate facing the substrate, the method including reducing the adhesive force of at least a part of the release layer which is provided on the peripheral portion of the substrate or the support, and fixing a part in the substrate and the support plate and separating the support plate from the substrate by applying a force to another part, after the preliminary treatment.

A panel may include at a substrate and a top layer provided on the substrate. The top layer may include a motif and a transparent or translucent synthetic material layer provided above the motif. The motif may be a print formed by digitally applying inks on the substrate with the intermediary of one or more primer layers extending underneath the print. The transparent or translucent synthetic material layer may include polypropylene and have a thickness of less than 1 millimeter.

Disclosed herein are sealed devices comprising a first substrate, a second substrate, an inorganic film between the first and second substrates, and at least one weld region comprising a bond between the first and second substrates. The weld region can comprise a chemical composition different from that of the inorganic film and the first or second substrates. The sealed devices may further comprise a stress region encompassing at least the weld region, in which a portion of the device is under a greater stress than the remaining portion of the device. Also disclosed herein are display and electronic components comprising such sealed devices.

The present invention is a method for peeling an adherend from a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer by irradiating a laminate in which the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the adherend are laminated with light, the peeling method includes a step of irradiating the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer with the light having a pulse width of 1 second or less and a light irradiation amount of 1,000 mJ/cm.sup.2 or more, and the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer satisfies predetermined conditions in terms of a minimum transmittance in a near-infrared region of a wavelength of 800 nm to 2,500 nm and a maximum transmittance in a visible light region of a wavelength of 380 nm to 780 nm.

Methods and tools for de-bonding and cleaning substrates are disclosed. A method includes de-bonding a surface of a first substrate from a second substrate, and after de-bonding, cleaning the surface of the first substrate. The cleaning comprises physically contacting a cleaning mechanism to the surface of the first substrate. A tool includes a de-bonding module and a cleaning module. The de-bonding module comprises a first chuck, a radiation source configured to emit radiation toward the first chuck, and a first robot arm having a vacuum system. The vacuum system is configured to secure and remove a substrate from the first chuck. The cleaning module comprises a second chuck, a spray nozzle configured to spray a fluid toward the second chuck, and a second robot arm having a cleaning device configured to physically contact the cleaning device to a substrate on the second chuck.

A method for producing a synchronizer ring includes providing a ring body made of metal and having a conical connecting surface, providing a friction ring, corresponding to the connecting surface, made of a composite material of carbon fiber bound with a resin, adhesively bonding the friction ring to the connecting surface, and pyrolysing exclusively an outer layer of the friction ring which is remote from the connecting surface.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a multi-layer substrate, said substrate comprising a multifunctional coating, and to the use of the substrate produced by this method.

A process is disclosed for making a layered material comprising a micro- and/or nanostructured layer in a resin, including providing a substrate as a first layer; providing an adhesive sheet comprising at least one layer of nanofibre nonwoven fabric of a solidified resin; at least partially coating the substrate with the adhesive sheet; and heating the assembly comprising the substrate and adhesive sheet for a time interval (t) sufficient to bring the layer of nanofibre nonwoven fabric to a heating temperature (T) sufficient to cause a phase transition of the layer of nanofibre nonwoven fabric, to generate a micro- and/or nanostructure of localized accumulations of thermosetting acrylic resin and/or thermoplastic resin. The layer of nanofibre nonwoven fabric in thermosetting acrylic resin and/or thermoplastic resin of the adhesive sheet is supplemented with at least a plurality of nano-elements in a material different from the resin of the adhesive sheet.

A method for producing a sandwich composite component and a sandwich composite component are described having a pressed two- or three-dimensional shape, at least one structured core layer is made of thermoplastic material which has two opposite core layer surfaces which are bonded to a thermoplastic cover layer. A sandwich composite component is also described.

In a first pressing stage, constituting preliminary pressing, glued layers forming a single multi-layer floor panel (1) are pressed for a time between 5 and 50 seconds, until a physical, local joining of the layers is obtained allowing determination of the position of the sheets of solid wood constituting a top layer (4) being placed on a core composite layer (2) covered with an adhesive. In the next stage, a stack is formed from numerous floor panels (1) thus pressed, after which the said stack of preliminarily pressed floor panels (1) is subjected to pressing, constituting main pressing, for a time longer than 300 seconds, until the adhesive bond of the required durability and strength is obtained, wherein the adhesive (3) applied to the core composite layer (2) is a hot-melt polyurethane adhesive.