Optical spectroscopy can unveil the unique properties and symmetries of materials in the atomically thin limit. However, these materials often have cross sections too low for conventional optical spectroscopy. Here, we disclose gapless stencil lithography techniques for fabricating transferable, high-resolution nanostructures for Raman and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. Using these nanofabrication techniques, we designed and fabricated plasmonic nanostructures to tailor the interaction of atomically thin materials with light. These nanofabrication techniques are particularly suitable for optical studies of air-sensitive materials, as the fabrication and transfer can be performed in situ. Our nanofabrication techniques can also be used to make other transferable functional photonic devices and transfer them to surfaces of other materials. Our transferable ultrathin membranes can be stacked on top of one another to decrease the minimum feature size of nanofabrication to under 10 nm.

A printing system includes a printing device, an accommodation rack in which multiple shelf sections accommodate a support frame supporting an exchanging member are provided and the support frame is movable between the printing device and the shelf sections, and which has an opening in a side surface parallel to a movement direction of the support frame, a delivery device including a feeding section capable of feeding in or out the support frame in the movement direction in a state of abutting on the support frame in the accommodation rack, and a moving section causing the feeding section to enter and exit from the accommodation rack through the opening, and an exchange control section including a position sensor configured to detect an entering state of the feeding section and detect that there is no support frame in the shelf sections.

A printing result prediction device is configured to predict a volume of solder paste printed by a printer onto a substrate. The printer is configured to print the solder paste by filling the solder paste into a stencil aperture of a stencil disposed on the substrate. The printing result prediction device includes a calculation part. The calculation part is configured to input a printing condition to a prediction model trained by machine learning, and predict a volume of solder paste printed by the stencil aperture of the stencil in a next printing using the input printing condition. The printing condition includes stencil information related to the stencil used to print, solder paste information related to the solder paste used to print, substrate information including unevenness information related to a protrusion on the substrate used to print, and a printing parameter of an operation of the printer when printing.

A control system for a printing apparatus for printing in particular flat substrates, with a rack, on which a receptacle for a printing template, in particular printing screen or printing stencil, is arranged, with a camera device, which is assigned to the receptacle, and with a user interface for inputting and/or obtaining information. What is provided is an evaluation device, which is connected to the camera device, in order to receive at least one image of the printing template detected by the camera device, wherein the evaluation device is formed to classify the printing template as being reusable or as being non-reusable as a function of the received image.

A mask assembly includes a frame in which an opening is defined, a mask stick disposed on the frame and in which a plurality of pattern openings are defined, and a mask member disposed on the frame and including a plurality of supporting parts covering at least a portion of the pattern openings to form a deposition area, where at least one supporting part among the plurality of supporting parts is wider in width or thicker in thickness than other supporting parts.