A printing apparatus includes: a plurality of heads configured to print mutually different colors; and a control unit configured to control the heads. The control unit operates the first head, configured to print a first color distinguishable from a surface color of an adjustment paper, to print a first correction pattern for performing alignment correction of the first head on the adjustment paper, and operates the second head, configured to print a second color distinguishable from the first color, to print a second correction pattern for performing alignment correction of the second head on the adjustment paper so as to at least partially overlap a first color area that is an area formed by the first head.

A liquid discharge apparatus includes a plurality of liquid dischargers and circuitry. The plurality of liquid dischargers is configured to discharge liquids of a plurality of colors from discharge holes to form an inspection image on a recording medium. The circuitry is configured to detect a failure of the discharge holes, based on the inspection image formed on the recording medium with the liquids of the plurality of colors. The inspection image includes linear images of the plurality of colors extending in a first direction and arrayed in a second direction intersecting the first direction. Linear images of at least two colors, of the linear images of the plurality of colors, are positioned to overlap each other in the first direction.

A main TP is formed by N pattern element groups formed of a plurality of pattern elements disposed in cycles of N in a first direction, and disposed in positions shifted with respect to each other in a second direction intersecting the first direction. A first sub TP is configured by pattern elements printed by the nozzles used to print the pattern elements of the pattern element group positioned furthest away from the one region, in the second direction, among the N pattern element groups, and a second sub TP is configured by pattern elements printed by the nozzles used to print the pattern elements of the pattern element group positioned furthest away from the other region, in the second direction, among the N pattern element groups.

A printing system is disclosed. The printing system includes at least one physical memory device to store ink model logic and one or more processors coupled with the at least one physical memory device to execute the ink model logic to generate first ink model parameter data for a first print medium based on first ink deposition data for a second print medium and first optical density measurement data for the first print medium.

A color printing system includes a color management service and one or more printing devices. An ink limit is specified for a calibration operation that uses a calibration chart to obtain measurement data. Using the measurement data, a calibration tone reproduction curve (TRC) along with calibration settings is generated. The calibration TRC and the ink limit are stored. For a print job, the calibration is identified and used to retrieve the calibration TRC and the ink limit. The original ICC profile for the calibration TRC also is provided. The ink limit is used to adjust the ICC profile accordingly. The adjusted ICC profile is used for color printing one or more documents for a print job.

An image forming apparatus includes: a hardware processor that forms an image on a conveyed recording medium; and a determining device that determines whether a type of the recording medium is a first recording medium or a second recording medium, wherein if the type of the recording medium is determined to be the first recording medium, the hardware processor forms a normal image on the recording medium, whereas if the type of the recording medium is determined to be the second recording medium, the hardware processor forms a test image on the recording medium.

A print medium having a calibration pattern printed thereon for generating alignment data for a printhead. The calibration pattern contains rows of spaced apart fiducials, each fiducial having a plurality of concentric shapes representing a Barker code.

In an example there is provided a printing method comprising receiving first and second image data for first and second images to be printed on a substrate, determining first print data for the first image on the basis of the first image data and a white layer to be printed between the first image and second image, to achieve a nominal color profile for the first image; determining second print data for the second image on the basis of the first image data, second image data, the white layer and one or more properties of the substrate to achieve a nominal color profile for the second image; communicating the print data for the first and second images to a printing device to print the first and second images and white layer on the substrate.

An object of the present disclosure is to implement, at a low cost, highly accurate color calibration in a printing apparatus that performs printing using fluorescent ink. One embodiment of the present invention is an image processing apparatus that includes: a processing unit configured to perform processing relating to color calibration in a printing apparatus that prints an image on a printing medium using fluorescent printing material; and an execution unit configured to perform calibration processing of the printing apparatus based on a measured value that is obtained by measuring a patch chart for obtaining information on an amount of application of the fluorescent printing material in the printing apparatus, wherein a patch included in the patch chart is printed with the fluorescent printing material and subtractive color mixture printing material and at least one dot of the subtractive color mixture printing material covers a dot of the fluorescent printing material.

A printing system is disclosed. The printing system includes at least one physical memory device to store ink model logic and one or more processors coupled with the at least one physical memory device to execute the ink model logic to generate first ink model parameter data for a first print medium based on first ink deposition data for a second print medium and first optical density measurement data for the first print medium.