A tire includes a rubber member and a round tire frame made of a resin material. The resin material includes a thermoplastic elastomer, and has a deflection temperature under load of 150 C. or higher. The thermoplastic elastomer includes a soft segment and a hard segment derived from a polyamide. A minimum number X of carbon atoms present between nitrogen atoms in the main chain of the polyamide in the hard segment and a molecular weight Y of the hard segment satisfy the following Formulae 1 to 3:

Y=250X+AFormula 1:

6X12Formula 2:

1000A1500.Formula 3:

A pneumatic tire comprising a tread, a sidewall, a bead portion having a bead core, a bead reinforcing layer reinforcing the bead portion, and a carcass ply moored on a bead core of the bead portion, wherein the bead reinforcing layer and adjacent members adjacent to the bead reinforcing layer are each composed of a rubber composition containing an amine type antioxidant, 0.3 to 8 parts by mass of the amine type antioxidant is contained in the bead reinforcing layer based on 100 parts by mass of the rubber component, the adjacent member adjacent to the bead reinforcing layer and the bead reinforcing layer satisfy the following formula.

3B/A8

A: Content (wt %) of amine type antioxidant in bead reinforcing layer
B: Content (wt %) of amine type antioxidant in the adjacent member

The tire has a load index that is at least 118 and two layers of reinforcing elements. Each of the layers has a breaking force per unit width that is higher than 2900 daN/dm. A minimum strength per unit width, measured for an elongation of less than 10%, of the second layer is greater than 20% of the minimum strength per unit width, measured for an elongation of less than 10%, of the first layer. The reinforcing elements of the first layer have a thread count that is higher than 300 tex. The reinforcing elements of the two layers have a thread count of less than 750 tex. The elongation of the reinforcing elements of the second layer are greater than 8% under a force of 20 daN and the secant elastic modulus values under tension at 10% elongation, Mt, Mj, satisfy the relationship Mt/Mj1.

A pneumatic tire is configured in such a manner that at least two carcass layers each have both end portions in the tire width direction extending to bead cores disposed in both bead portions, and the both end portions are wound up from the inner side in the tire width direction of the bead cores to the outer side in the tire width direction, and extend outward in the tire radial direction. In such a pneumatic tire, the carcass layers are formed by thermoplastic sheets, and a rubber layer is disposed at least between adjacent sheets of the thermoplastic sheets.

A pneumatic tire includes a reinforcing rubber layer disposed in the sidewall portions, the reinforcing rubber layer having a crescent-like meridian cross-section. When the tire is assembled on a regular rim and in an unloaded state with an internal pressure of 0 kPa, a radius of curvature (RP) is smaller than a radius of curvature (RO), an arc of the radius of curvature (RP) joining an intersection (Pa) of a carcass layer and a straight line (La), an intersection (Pb) of the carcass layer and a straight line (Lb), and an intersection (Pc) of the carcass layer and a straight line (Lc), and an arc of the radius of curvature (RO) joining an intersection (Oa) of the straight line (La) and a tire external contour, an intersection (Ob) of the straight line (Lb) and the tire external contour, and an intersection (Oc) of the straight line (Lc) and the tire external contour.

A tire includes a pair of bead cores, a carcass layer extended across the bead cores, a belt layer disposed on an outer side of the carcass layer in a radial direction, and a tread portion. A tire outer diameter OD (mm) is in a range 200OD660. A total tire width SW (mm) is in a range 100SW400. A groove area ratio Aa of the tread portion is in a range 0.008Aa/OD0.150.

A tire includes a pair of bead cores, a carcass layer extended across the bead cores, a belt layer disposed on an outer side of the carcass layer in a radial direction, and a tread portion. A tire outer diameter OD (mm) is in a range 200OD660. A total tire width SW (mm) is in a range 100SW400. A groove area ratio Aa of the tread portion is in a range 0.008Aa/OD0.150. A groove area ratio Ace of a center region of the tread portion and a groove area ratio Ash of a shoulder region of the tread portion have a relationship Ace/Ash>1.

The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a studded pneumatic tire, the method comprising steps of producing an annular carcass by providing a first ply material comprising first cords), wherein the first cords comprise aramid, aramid content of the first cords being at least 50 wt. % of total weight of the first cords, winding at least a layer of the first ply material onto a carcass drum, thereby forming a cylindrical carcass preform, arranging two cables to the cylindrical carcass preform, and expanding the preform, thereby forming the annular carcass, forming a preassembly of belts and a tread, arranging the preassembly of belts and a tread onto the annular carcass to form a preform, vulcanizing the preform, and installing studs. The invention further relates to a studded pneumatic tire.