A heavy duty tire is disclosed. The distance from the radially outer surface of a belt layer to the tire's inner surface is 15 to 23 mm when measured along a tire radial direction line passing through the bottom of a shoulder main groove. The width of the shoulder main groove is more than the width of a center main groove. The ratio Wc:Wm:Ws of the average width Wc of a center land portion, the average width Wm of a middle land portion, and the average width Ws of a shoulder land portion is 1.00:1.00 to 1.08:1.03 to 1.13. The middle land portion is provided with a plurality of middle axial grooves. The shoulder land portion is provided with a plurality of shoulder axial grooves. The width of the shoulder axial groove is more than the width of the middle axial groove. The angle θs of the shoulder axial groove is more than the angle θm of the middle axial groove with respect to the tire axial direction.

The invention provides for a heavy truck tire having a sub-casing, a belt package and a rubber tread, the tread comprising a center zone separating two shoulder zones. The upper shoulder layer consisting of an upper shoulder rubber compound being different from a lower shoulder rubber compound, wherein: the upper shoulder rubber compound has a G*50 of at least 1.3 Mpa and a max tan(δ) of at least 0.12; the lower shoulder rubber compound has a max tan(δ) not greater than the max tan(δ) of a center rubber compound in the center zone being intended to come into contact with the ground; and the center rubber compound has a max tan(δ) of at most 0.09.

In a tire, a tread includes a cap layer forming a part of the outer surface of the tire, an intermediate layer disposed inwardly of the cap layer in the radial direction, and a base layer disposed inwardly of the intermediate layer in the radial direction. A loss tangent of the intermediate layer at 30° C. is less than a loss tangent of the cap layer at 30° C., and a loss tangent of the base layer at 30° C. is less than the loss tangent of the intermediate layer at 30° C. An outer end of the cap layer is disposed outwardly of an outer end of the base layer in the axial direction. In the radial direction, a position of the outer end of the cap layer coincides with a position of the outer end of the base layer, or the outer end of the cap layer is disposed inwardly of the outer end of the base layer.

A racing tire comprising a tread having a new tread thickness of no greater than about 0.375 inch. The tread defines a running surface that includes a first circumferential portion of a first rubber compound and a second circumferential portion of a second rubber compound situated adjacent one another. The first rubber compound has a greater stiffness than the second rubber compound so as to provide the tread with greater wear resistance along the first circumferential portion, and the second rubber compound provides the tread with greater traction along the second circumferential portion. The tread may be substantially free of a tread pattern. The second rubber compound may have a greater DIN abrasion value than the first rubber compound. The second rubber compound may have a higher tan delta at 100° C. and/or a higher J″ traction value than the first rubber compound.

The present invention relates to a tire tread comprising a tread cap comprising at least one tread cap rubber compound, at least three circumferential grooves, wherein at least portions of the sidewalls and the bottom of each of said grooves are formed by a circumferential groove reinforcement, and wherein a first groove reinforcement of a groove laterally next to the equatorial plane of the tire comprises a first reinforcement rubber compound which has a higher hardness than the tread cap rubber compound, and wherein a second groove reinforcement of a groove with a larger lateral distance to the equatorial plane of the tire than the first groove, comprises a second reinforcement rubber compound which has a higher hardness than the tread cap rubber compound and a lower hardness than the second reinforcement rubber compound.

A motorcycle tire includes a tread portion, a carcass, a breaker layer disposed outside the carcass with cords oriented at an angle equal to or more than 15 degrees with respect to a tire equator, and a tread rubber disposed outside the breaker layer so as to form a band-less structure in which the tread rubber is arranged so as to be directly in contact with the breaker layer. The tread rubber includes a cap rubber layer forming a ground contacting surface of the tread portion, and a base rubber layer disposed inside the cap rubber layer and having complex modulus greater than that of the cap rubber layer. The base rubber layer extends between a pair of outermost ends thereof so as to across the tire equator, and a thickness of the base rubber layer at the tire equator is greater than that of the outermost ends.

In a pneumatic tire, a carcass layer is between bead portions, a bead core is in each bead portion, a reinforcement layer is on an outer side of the carcass layer, and a tread rubber layer is on the outer side of the reinforcement layer. A pair of first boundary lines passes through an intersection of an extension of a side arc forming a tread profile and an extension of a shoulder arc and orthogonal to a tire inner surface, a pair of second boundary lines passes through a rim check line and orthogonal to the tire inner surface, first to third regions are defined which have cross sectional areas of SA, SB, and SC, respectively, and the first to third regions respectively have lengths of a, b, and c along the tire inner surface such that 7.5≤SA/a≤11.5 and 2.0≤SB/b≤6.0 are satisfied.

Tire comprising major grooves with a depth at least equal to 4 mm and with a width at least equal to 1 mm. The radially outermost working layer (41) comprises at least one undulation (412). The undulation (412) is such that the undulation (412) portion of the working layer (41) represents at least 10% of the surface of the working layer (41), has an amplitude of at least 1 mm and is radially on the outside of the points of the working layer (41) that are in line with the bottom face (243) of the major groove (24) closest (412). All the layers of material (3, 6, 7) making up the radial stack of the crown structure (S) have mean surfaces parallel to that of the radially outermost working layer (41).

A method of modeling a tire includes providing a tire having a first tire design, rotating the tire under a vertical load, and measuring a plurality of forces at a plurality of selected conditions. The method further includes using a computer to plot the plurality of forces against the plurality of conditions, using the computer to plot a plurality of moments against the plurality of conditions, and using the computer to fit a first force curve to the plurality of plotted forces at the plurality of conditions, such that the first force curve is asymmetric. The method also includes using the computer to fit a first moment curve to the plurality of plotted moments at the plurality of conditions, evaluating the first force curve and the first moment curve, and making a second tire design based on the evaluation of the first force curve and the first moment curve.

Provided is a pneumatic tire, a mounting direction of which is specified with respect to a vehicle, which includes: a tread portion extending in a tire circumferential direction and having an annular shape; a pair of sidewall portions disposed on both sides of the tread portion; and a pair of bead portions disposed inward of the sidewall portions in a tire radial direction; wherein a sound absorbing member is fixed via an adhesive layer to an inner surface of the tread portion along the tire circumferential direction, and a center position in a width direction of the sound absorbing member is disposed on a vehicle outer side.