Embodiments of the present invention describe a recreational vehicle spindle, including a spindle body having one or more sockets in the spindle body, and an upper attachment mechanism in contact with the spindle body and adapted to attach to a steering component. The spindle also includes a lower attachment mechanism in contact with the spindle body and adapted to attach to a ski or wheel. The one or more sockets are adapted to each receive a ball and stud forming one or more ball joints.

The present document provides a damper spring support and a vehicle axle having the same. The damper spring support includes: a first angle adjustment mechanism configured for being fixed to a vehicle body; a support base configured for supporting a damper spring; and a connection structure configured for detachably fixing the support base to different positions of the first angle adjustment mechanism. If the support base being fixed to different positions of the first angle adjustment mechanism, a damper spring support surface of the support base facing different directions.

The present document provides a damper spring support and a vehicle axle having the same. The damper spring support includes: a first angle adjustment mechanism configured for being fixed to a vehicle body; a support base configured for supporting a damper spring; and a connection structure configured for detachably fixing the support base to different positions of the first angle adjustment mechanism. If the support base being fixed to different positions of the first angle adjustment mechanism, a damper spring support surface of the support base facing different directions.

An extension assembly for a damper includes an extension post having an upper end and a lower end opposite to the upper end. The extension post includes a coupling portion, a narrow portion defining a deformed section, and a wide portion disposed between the coupling portion and the narrow portion. A diameter of the wide portion is greater than a diameter of the narrow portion. The extension assembly includes a retaining member having a sleeve portion received on the narrow portion of the extension post and a plurality of support portions extending from the sleeve portion. Further, the deformed section of the narrow portion secures the retaining member to the narrow portion. The extension assembly further includes a sealing ring disposed around the retaining member. The sealing ring is disposed between the wide portion of the extension post and the plurality of support portions of the retaining member.

The present disclosure provides a method of manufacturing a damper for a vehicle. The method includes forming a groove on an outer surface of a first component in a first annular region. The first component is tubular. The method further includes inducing a compressive residual stress in a second annular region. The second annular region is at least partially aligned with the first annular region along a longitudinal axis of the first component. The method further includes coupling a second component to the first component. Surfaces of the first component and the second component directly engage one another at an interface. The second component is axially aligned with and radially surrounding at least a portion of the first annular region. In some configurations, forming the groove and inducing the compressive residual stress are performed concurrently, such as by low plasticity burnishing.

Embodiments of the present invention describe a recreational vehicle spindle, including a spindle body having one or more sockets in the spindle body, and an upper attachment mechanism in contact with the spindle body and adapted to attach to a steering component. The spindle also includes a lower attachment mechanism in contact with the spindle body and adapted to attach to a ski or wheel. The one or more sockets are adapted to each receive a ball and stud forming one or more ball joints.

A vehicle knuckle 1 includes a main body 10, a strut junction 11 that is positioned at a first side in an extending direction of an axle supported by the main body and fastens a strut damper, and an arm 12 that couples the main body to the strut junction. The vehicle knuckle has a continuous space 17 formed inside the strut junction and the arm. The arm has a first through-hole 17a on a wall 12a that couples an end 10d at the first side of the main body to the strut junction. The first through-hole is formed, with being adjacent to the end at the first side, at the side of the main body with respect to the center of a coupling position of the wall and the main body and a coupling position of the wall and the strut junction and is communicated with the space.

A vehicle knuckle 1 includes a main body 10, a strut junction 11 that is positioned at a first side in an extending direction of an axle supported by the main body and fastens a strut damper, and an arm 12 that couples the main body to the strut junction. The vehicle knuckle has a continuous space 17 formed inside the strut junction and the arm. The arm has a first through-hole 17a on a wall 12a that couples an end 10d at the first side of the main body to the strut junction. The first through-hole is formed, with being adjacent to the end at the first side, at the side of the main body with respect to the center of a coupling position of the wall and the main body and a coupling position of the wall and the strut junction and is communicated with the space.

A suspension device for an electric vehicle prevents change in pitching behavior of the vehicle during regenerative and friction braking. The suspension device includes a front suspension arm that swings in a vehicle up-down direction with reference to a front wheel swinging axis; a front damper approximately perpendicular to the front wheel swinging axis in a side view; a rear suspension arm that swings in the vehicle up-down direction with reference to a rear wheel swinging axis; and a rear damper approximately perpendicular to the rear wheel swinging axis in a side view. The front wheel swinging axis and a first imaginary line perpendicular to a direction of extension of the front damper are approximately parallel to each other. The rear wheel swinging axis and a second imaginary line perpendicular to a direction of extension of the rear damper are approximately parallel to each other in a side view.

A suspension device for an electric vehicle prevents change in pitching behavior of the vehicle during regenerative and friction braking. The suspension device includes a front suspension arm that swings in a vehicle up-down direction with reference to a front wheel swinging axis; a front damper approximately perpendicular to the front wheel swinging axis in a side view; a rear suspension arm that swings in the vehicle up-down direction with reference to a rear wheel swinging axis; and a rear damper approximately perpendicular to the rear wheel swinging axis in a side view. The front wheel swinging axis and a first imaginary line perpendicular to a direction of extension of the front damper are approximately parallel to each other. The rear wheel swinging axis and a second imaginary line perpendicular to a direction of extension of the rear damper are approximately parallel to each other in a side view.