A suspension includes: a cylinder; a piston rod including a piston provided at one end-side, and inserted in the cylinder together with the piston; an outer tube part opened at the one end-side, a position of which relative to the piston rod is fixed at the other end-side, and configured to receive therein at least a part of the cylinder; and a tubular rolling diaphragm having one end disposed at the cylinder and the other end fixed to the outer tube part, and configured to roll in conjunction with displacement of the piston rod with respect to the cylinder. The rolling diaphragm becomes convex toward the other end-side of the outer tube part and is accommodated in the outer tube part, upon contraction of the suspension.

An air spring assembly is disclosed. The air spring assembly includes an upper fork tube having a base lug on one end, a lower fork tube having an opening to receive the upper fork tube in a first axial end, and a fork tube gas seal to form a gas seal between the upper fork tube and the lower fork tube. A partial cartridge tube within a portion of the upper fork tube, the partial cartridge tube including a partial cartridge tube gas seal between an outer diameter (OD) of the partial cartridge tube and an inner diameter (ID) of the upper fork tube. An annular volume formed between the ID of the upper fork tube, the OD of the partial cartridge tube, the partial cartridge tube gas seal, and the base lug of the upper fork tube.

An air spring assembly is disclosed. The air spring assembly includes an upper fork tube having a base lug on one end, a lower fork tube having an opening to receive the upper fork tube in a first axial end, and a fork tube gas seal to form a gas seal between the upper fork tube and the lower fork tube. A partial cartridge tube within a portion of the upper fork tube, the partial cartridge tube including a partial cartridge tube gas seal between an outer diameter (OD) of the partial cartridge tube and an inner diameter (ID) of the upper fork tube. An annular volume formed between the ID of the upper fork tube, the OD of the partial cartridge tube, the partial cartridge tube gas seal, and the base lug of the upper fork tube.

An air spring assembly for a vehicle having a damper body decoupled from a piston, allowing the damper to rotate freely without inducing torsion into the piston. The air spring assembly includes a damper body, where part of the damper body is disposed in a piston, and a decoupling mechanism connected to the damper body. The decoupling mechanism allows for rotation of the damper body relative to the piston, preventing torsion from being transferred from the damper body to the piston. The decoupling mechanism includes an adapter ring connected to the damper body, and a rotatable machine element surrounding the damper body. The adapter ring is surrounded part of the piston, and the rotatable machine element is adjacent the adapter ring. The inner wall of the piston is in contact with the rotatable machine element, such that the rotatable machine element facilitates relative rotation between the piston and damper body.

A valve control device is configured to execute a specific valve control when a valve switching condition at high pressure is satisfied. The specific valve control switches the spring constant change valves for front wheel to a blocking state and switches a spring constant change valves for rear wheel to a communication permission state. The valve switching condition at high pressure is satisfied when oil pressure of hydraulic oil of rear wheel side oil hydraulic cylinders, which is detected by rear wheel side oil pressure detection means, is more than or equal to a predetermined oil pressure threshold and the traveling state determination means determines that a vehicle is in a predetermined traveling state.

A valve control device is configured to execute a specific valve control when a valve switching condition at high pressure is satisfied. The specific valve control switches the spring constant change valves for front wheel to a blocking state and switches a spring constant change valves for rear wheel to a communication permission state. The valve switching condition at high pressure is satisfied when oil pressure of hydraulic oil of rear wheel side oil hydraulic cylinders, which is detected by rear wheel side oil pressure detection means, is more than or equal to a predetermined oil pressure threshold and the traveling state determination means determines that a vehicle is in a predetermined traveling state.

A suspension apparatus includes a main body, a first arm configured to support a wheel with respect to the main body, a second arm spaced apart from the first arm and having a guide rail, a shock absorber disposed between the second arm and the main body, a first support member disposed on one side of the shock absorber and rotatably connected to the main body, a second support member disposed on another side of the shock absorber and seated on the guide rail, and a driver configured to adjust a height of the main body by moving the second support member along the guide rail.

A suspension apparatus includes a main body, a first arm configured to support a wheel with respect to the main body, a second arm spaced apart from the first arm and having a guide rail, a shock absorber disposed between the second arm and the main body, a first support member disposed on one side of the shock absorber and rotatably connected to the main body, a second support member disposed on another side of the shock absorber and seated on the guide rail, and a driver configured to adjust a height of the main body by moving the second support member along the guide rail.

A spring-damper assembly for a suspension corner employed in a vehicle having a vehicle body and a road wheel includes a fluid spring configured to suspend the vehicle body relative to the road wheel. The spring-damper assembly also includes a damper configured to attenuate compression and rebound oscillations of the fluid spring. The spring-damper assembly additionally includes a spring-seat housing configured to retain the fluid spring and establish a position of the fluid spring relative to the damper. The spring-seat housing includes an inner surface defining a contour configured to guide the fluid spring upon compression thereof around the damper and define a non-linear stiffness of the fluid spring. A vehicle having such a spring-damper assembly is also provided.

An air spring includes a damper, a support ring associated with a portion of the damper, and a piston assembly. The piston assembly includes a first piston member press-fitted to the damper, and a second piston member fitted with the first piston member. The second piston member is supported by the support ring. The two-piece piston assembly allows for a large package for volume at low cost.