An example of an apparatus to transport utility-scale lithium-ion batteries in a racked and operational state. The apparatus includes a base and an isolation platform. In addition, the apparatus includes an isolator mounted on the base to support the isolation platform. The isolator is to dampen forces exerted on the isolation platform from the base. Furthermore, the apparatus includes a rack mounted onto the isolation platform. The rack is to secure a plurality of lithium-ion batteries to store energy at a utility-scale to be provided to a power distribution network. The plurality of lithium-ion batteries is racked in an operational state during transportation.

Disclosed herein is a spring preload system comprising a cylinder with an outer diameter, a body to house at least the cylinder, a piston shaft, and a main damping piston. The main damping piston is coupled to the piston shaft and configured for operation within the cylinder. The main damping piston is further configured to divide the cylinder into a compression side and a rebound side. The spring preload system further comprises a preload cylinder and a valve that is fluidly disposed between the compression side and the preload cylinder.

An air suspension for a vehicle includes a mounting bracket configured to couple to the vehicle. A pivot bracket includes a top and a bottom. The top is pivotably coupled to a frontward portion of the mounting bracket. An air shock absorber includes a first end and a second end. The first end is pivotably coupled to the bottom of the pivot bracket and the second end is pivotably coupled to a rearward portion of the mounting bracket. An axle arm includes a first portion and a second portion. The first portion of the axle arm is fixedly coupled to the frontward portion of the mounting bracket. A spindle is fixedly coupled to the second portion of the axle arm and is configured to be coupled to a hub assembly of a wheel.

Suspension for a wheeled vehicle provided with at least one wheel and a frame, having at least one elastic element functionally combinable between the wheel and frame is disclosed. The suspension has at least one hydro-pneumatic spring functionally combined in series with the elastic element so that the equivalent spring modulus (Keq) of the elastic element and hydro-pneumatic spring is variable as a function of the distance between the frame and wheel. The hydro-pneumatic spring is shaped and sized to behave also as an energy dissipator in series to the elastic element.

A multi-axle transport trailer having a plurality of axles includes a suspension comprising air bags associated with each axle, the air bags in communication with an air source, wherein air bags associated with different axles are capable of having different air pressures therein. The trailer further optionally includes a steering system associated with at least one axle, the axle including a tie rod connected between wheels on both ends of the axle, the steering system comprising cylinders configured to articulate the wheels, and a sensing device configured to monitor movement of the tie rod and facilitate actuating the cylinders to turn the wheels.

A vehicle suspension damper for providing a variable damping rate. The vehicle suspension damper comprises a first damping mechanism having a variable first threshold pressure, a second damping mechanism having a second threshold pressure, and a compressible chamber in communication with a damping fluid chamber, wherein the second damping mechanism is responsive to a compression of said compressible chamber.

A method for a vehicle comprising at least one wheel suspension with at least one damper, wherein the at least one damper is such that it can adjust its damping resistance between a first damping mode and at least a second damping mode, wherein the second damping mode presents a larger damping resistance than a damping resistance of the first damping mode. The method comprises the steps: S1) identifying if the vehicle is in a first situation during driving of said vehicle which may lead to a subsequent impact force (F) on the at least one wheel suspension which is of a magnitude such that the at least one damper, when in its first damping mode, will reach a position where no further damping can be performed; and, if this is the case, S2) adjusting the damping resistance from the first damping mode to the at least second damping mode.

In accordance with one aspect of the present disclosure, a suspension strut for use on a work machine is provided. The suspension strut may have a forged one piece cylindrical inner housing that includes a hollow rod which forms a circumferential piston at an open end and a lower clevis at a closed end of the hollow rod. The suspension strut may further have a forged one piece cylindrical outer housing that includes a hollow barrel having an interior and an exterior surface, a closed end that forms an upper clevis, an open end, and a port on an outside surface of the hollow barrel. Further, the inner and outer housing may be coupled by a disk shaped end cap attached to the open end of the hollow barrel having an inner diameter that is slideably engaged with an outer surface of hollow rod.

An inertial regulation method and control system of vehicle active suspension based on a supporting force of each wheel comprises an inner loop control and an outer loop control. The inner loop control is to calculate, according to the dynamics, a theoretical supporting force of each wheel when the vehicle is driving on a virtual slope plane with a 6-dimensional acceleration and a pitch angle measured by an inertial measurement unit; compare the theoretical supporting force with the measured supporting force of each wheel; and control the expansion of each suspension cylinder according to the difference value, so that the supporting force of each wheel changes according to the theoretical supporting force. The outer loop control is to control each suspension cylinder for the same expansion of displacement, so that the average value of all the suspension cylinder strokes tends to a median value.

An example of an apparatus to transport utility-scale lithium-ion batteries in a racked and operational state. The apparatus includes a base and an isolation platform. In addition, the apparatus includes an isolator mounted on the base to support the isolation platform. The isolator is to dampen forces exerted on the isolation platform from the base. Furthermore, the apparatus includes a rack mounted onto the isolation platform. The rack is to secure a plurality of lithium-ion batteries to store energy at a utility-scale to be provided to a power distribution network. The plurality of lithium-ion batteries is racked in an operational state during transportation.