An independent drive module includes: an in-wheel motor configured to provide driving force to a wheel of a vehicle; a support arm including a first end connected to a vehicle body and a second end connected to the in-wheel motor, to support the in-wheel motor; a shock absorber module including a first end connected to the in-wheel motor and a second end connected to the vehicle body, the shock absorber being configured to absorb shock between the in-wheel motor and the vehicle body and swivel the in-wheel motor during turning of the vehicle so as to perform both shock absorption and steering; and a steering motor connected to the second end of the shock absorber module to transmit rotational force for the steering to the shock absorber module.

A tiltable motor vehicle having 3 or more wheels and at least one bridge having opposite first and second ends where first and second wheel hub assemblies are disposed. First and second wheels are mounted on the first and second wheel hub assemblies. First and second suspension guides are also associated with the first and second wheel hub assemblies, each being attached to a respective end of the at least one bridge such that the suspension guide is rotatable about at least a tilt axis relative to the at least one bridge. Each wheel hub assembly being movable along or across the respective suspension guide such that the wheels are movable relative to the at least one bridge during suspension action. Movement of the wheels and the wheel hub assemblies associated with suspension rebound and compression action and rotation of the bridges relative to the body associated with tilting action are both substantially independent of movement of the steering element.

A front upper frame connection for a space frame can comprise a top surface; a bottom surface opposite the top surface; a right-side surface; a left-side surface opposite the right-side surface; a front surface; a rear surface opposite the front surface; a pair of forward support plates provided on the front surface; a pair of forward flat mounting surfaces; and a pair of rocker attachment interfaces located on the top surface adjacent to the rear surface and respectively the right-side surface and the left-side surface. The front surface and the forward support plates can define a cutout section. Each of the forward support plates is curved and runs outward from a transverse centerline of the top surface and then forward.

A modular chassis is provided for an off-road vehicle to improve assembly, servicing, and repairing of a drivetrain of the off-road vehicle. The modular chassis includes a chassis to support components of the off-road vehicle. A front frame module couples with a front of the chassis, and a rear frame module couples with a rear of the chassis. The front frame module supports lower suspension arms of the off-road vehicle by way of inboard bushing joints. The front frame module supports at least a steering gear and a front differential of the off-road vehicle. The rear frame module is a tube-frame structure that supports components of the off-road vehicle. A lower portion of the rear frame module extends rearward and acutely upward to a top frame member that couples with upper side portions of the chassis. Several cross-members impart structural integrity to the rear frame module.

According to some embodiments of the disclosed subject matter, a ride-on mower can include a main frame, a side member pivotally connected to the main frame, and a transaxle. The transaxle can include a pump portion that has a pump housing fixed on the main frame and a fluid displacement structure located in the pump housing. The transaxle can further include a motor portion including a motor housing and a fluid driven structure located in the motor housing. The motor housing can be separate from the pump housing, and the motor housing can be carried on and movable with the side member. Tubing can interconnect the pump portion and the motor portion.

A suspension system for a wheel of a vehicle including: a wheel interface having a wheel interface axis which is an axis about which a wheel rotates when connected to the wheel interface; a first arm connected to the wheel interface and rotatable with respect to the wheel interface about a first axis that is substantially parallel to the wheel interface axis; and a second arm connected to the wheel interface and rotatable with respect to the wheel interface about a second axis that is substantially parallel to the wheel interface axis; and a damping and springing means disposed within a gap formed between the first arm and the second arm, the damping and springing means are connected at one of its ends to at least one of the first arm, the second arm and the wheel interface; wherein at least a portion of the suspension system is to be disposed within a rim of a wheel.

A vehicle suspension device includes a wheel body on which a wheel and tire unit is mounted, a steering drive unit configured to transmit a driving force to rotate the wheel body in a lateral direction of a vehicle body, so that the wheel and tire unit rotates together with the wheel body, and a wheel moving unit disposed on the vehicle body to be movable in a front-back direction, configured such that a position thereof changes in a top-bottom direction, and connected to the wheel body to support the wheel body, so that a position of the wheel body is changed in response to the wheel moving unit moving in the front-back direction and changing the position in the top-bottom direction.

An efficient method for producing spring strut forks for motor vehicles is presented. In each case two spring strut forks are produced from a metallic extruded profile as a starting product. The extruded profile has a central, middle main chamber and four longitudinal chambers which are arranged offset with respect to one another over the circumference of the main chamber. Wall portions of the main chamber which are situated between the longitudinal chambers are removed, and the extruded profile is severed into two semifinished parts. Each semifinished part has one cylinder portion and two oppositely situated arm portions which project relative to the cylinder portions. The semifinished parts are subsequently mechanically machined, and one spring strut fork is produced from each semifinished part.

The four wheel steering vehicle utilizes a cage system that extends along the longitudinal axis to protect the driver coupled to a center rail chassis. Front and Back independent suspension links extend outward along the lateral axis pivotally connected to the wheel assemblies enabling four wheel independent suspension. A centrally located pivoting shock provides both steering control and suspension attachment for the shock and spring. The vehicle is controlled by the driver using a steering wheel, acceleration pedal, and a brake pedal. The invention provides a feeling of integration with the vehicle as the driver rolls into turns with the vehicle, while minimizing fatigue caused by the continuous resistance to centrifugal cornering forces.

A suspension damping device installed at a chassis of a mobile robot comprises a vehicle frame, a controlling arm set and a damping device. The vehicle frame is fixed to the chassis and arranged on the ground. One end of the controlling arm set is hinged to the vehicle frame, and the other end of the controlling arm set is hinged to a steering device, so the controlling arm set controls the motion stability of the steering device. One end of the damping device opposite to the ground is hinged to the vehicle frame, and the other end of the damping device faced to the ground is hinged to the steering device. A six-wheeled bionic chassis which comprises a chassis frame, a controller, a sensor, front wheel suspension assemblies, middle wheel suspension assemblies and rear wheel suspension assemblies is also disclosed in the present invention.