Use as a refrigerant in a heat pump system in an electric vehicle of a composition is described. The composition comprises 1,1-difluoroethylene (R-1132a) and at least one fluorocarbon refrigerant compound selected from the group consisting of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234yf), difluoromethane (R-32), 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)) and 1,1-difluoroethane (R-152a).

A transmission system selectively coupled to an engine crankshaft of an internal combustion engine arranged on a vehicle includes a transmission, a motor generator an HVAC compressor and a controller. The transmission has an input shaft, a mainshaft, an output shaft and a countershaft offset from the input shaft. The countershaft is drivably connected to the first input shaft and a mainshaft. The motor generator is selectively couple to the countershaft. The HVAC compressor is selectively driven by the motor generator. The controller operates the transmission system in various modes based on operating conditions.

An aeration flap is automatically controlled in a fully variable manner in a vehicle. A target value is read for a flap position or strength of an airflow of an aeration outlet. A plurality of configurations of aeration flap positions are provided wherein each configuration assigns a resultant noise level and a resultant energy demand for each combination of aeration flap positions. A weighting between noise level and energy demand is specified. Each of the read target values are adapted for a flap position or strength of an airflow according to the specified weighting. The development of noise in the vehicle may be influenced advantageously as a result.

The present invention relates to a heat pump system for a vehicle which can enhance heating performance of a plug-in hybrid vehicle by heating engine coolant necessary for heating using a refrigerant cycle. The heat pump system for a vehicle includes: an evaporator disposed inside an air-conditioning case to exchange heat between air and refrigerant; a heater core disposed inside the air-conditioning case to exchange heat between air and coolant; a first coolant line connecting an engine with the heater core so that the coolant is circulated; a first refrigerant circulation loop which circulates a compressor for compressing and discharging the refrigerant, an air-cooled condenser for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and air, a first expansion means for expanding the refrigerant, and the evaporator in a cooling mode; and a second refrigerant circulation loop which circulates the compressor, a water-cooled heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the coolant, a second expansion means for expanding the refrigerant, and the air-cooled condenser in a heating mode. The water-cooled heat exchanger is disposed in the first coolant line between the engine and the heater core to exchange heat between the refrigerant of high temperature and high pressure passing through the compressor and the coolant of the first coolant line.

A thermal management system for a vehicle may include a refrigerant circuit in which a refrigerant circulates, as well as a heating circuit, a first coolant circuit configured for a temperature control of a drive device of the vehicle, and a second coolant circuit configured for a temperature control of an electrical store of the vehicle in which a coolant circulates. The system may further include a chiller incorporated in the refrigerant circuit and a chiller guide fluidically separate from the refrigerant circuit. The chiller guide may have a chiller path configured to conduct the coolant and which extends through the chiller, and may have a bypass path configured to conduct the coolant and which circumvents the chiller. The system may additionally include a chiller valve device configured to selectively fluidically connect the first coolant circuit and the second coolant circuit to the chiller path and the bypass path.

A heat system for an electric or hybrid vehicle may be operated in multiple operating modes. The heat system includes a cooling circuit having a cooling unit and a heating heat exchanger for heating the interior. The heating heat exchanger is parallel connected to the cooling unit, for forming a heating circuit. At least one heat source is arranged in the cooling circuit for heat output to the cooling circuit. The heat system may also include a refrigeration circuit for heat exchange with the cooling circuit by way of a capacitor, and an evaporator circuit, which can introduce heat to the refrigeration circuit by way of the evaporator.

An auxiliary heating system for motor vehicles driven by electric motors and a method for realizing an auxiliary heating function in a motor vehicle having an electric drivetrain.

A hybrid vehicle includes a thermal control system having a first high temperature cooling circuit, a second low temperature cooling circuit and a third cooling circuit for cooling/heating a battery pack. A system of valves is configured to connect the third circuit with the second circuit so as to create a loop consisting of a main portion of the third circuit and a main portion of the second circuit including the cooling portion of one or more electric motor assemblies of the hybrid vehicle, one or more additional components of the motor-vehicle, such as a turbocharger assembly and an intercooler assembly. In this operating condition, circulation of the liquid in the loop thus-formed can be activated by the pump of the third circuit and causes heating of the battery pack by the heat generated by the electric motor assemblies and, preferably, by the aforesaid additional components of the motor-vehicle.

A heating apparatus of the invention executes a first heating control for heating a heater core by a heat generation device when a process of heating the heater core is requested while an engine operation is stopped. The heating apparatus executes a second heating control for heating the cooling water which cooled an internal combustion engine, by the heat generation device and supplying the heated cooling water to the heater core when a heater core temperature is not increased to a requested temperature only by the heat generation device. The heating apparatus executes a third heating control for stopping the engine operation, heating the cooling water which cooled the internal combustion engine, by the heat generation device, and supplying the heated cooling water to the heater core when an engine temperature becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature while the second heating control is executed.

An electrified drivetrain for a vehicle includes a first electric machine, a second electric machine, a clutch, an HVAC compressor, and a controller. The second electric machine is rotatably coupled to a geartrain, the first electric machine is rotatably coupled to the HVAC compressor, and is rotatably couplable to the geartrain via the clutch, and the clutch is operative in a first state and a second state. The first electric machine is rotatably coupled to the geartrain when the clutch is controlled to the first state, and is decoupled from the geartrain when the clutch is controlled to the second state. The controller is operatively connected to the first and second electric machines, the clutch, and the HVAC compressor to control operation of the electrified drivetrain. The first electric machine can be used as a heater element and to provide mechanical power to the drivetrain.