The present application relates to a thermal management system including a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, a first valve control device, a first indoor heat exchanger, a second indoor heat exchanger and a second valve control device connected by pipelines. The thermal management system includes a heating and dehumidifying mode. In the heating and dehumidifying mode, the compressor, the first indoor heat exchanger, the second valve control device, the second indoor heat exchanger, the first valve control device and the outdoor heat exchanger are in communication to form a loop. The first valve control device and the second valve control device both include a communication mode and a throttle mode. In the heating and dehumidifying mode, the second valve control device is in the throttle mode, and the first valve control device is in the throttle mode or the communication mode. In the cooling mode, the first valve control device is in the throttle mode, and the second valve control device is in the communication mode or the throttle mode.

A heat exchanger for a motor vehicle that includes at least two flat tubes and at least two corrugated fins. The flat tubes and the corrugated fins are stacked alternately one above the other in a height direction (HR) to form a stack. The flat tubes and the corrugated fins are displaced in the stack in such a way that a central height axis (HMA) of the stack is aligned at an inclination angle (NVV) to the height direction (HR).

A transport climate control system to cost-effectively maintain an ultra-low temperature over an extended period of time is provided. The transport climate control system includes a primary climate control system and a secondary climate control system. The primary climate control system includes a first compressor, a first condenser, a first expander, and a main evaporator that is configured to thermally communicate with a climate controlled space. The secondary climate control system includes an ultra-low temperature phase changing medium packaged inside or outside of an enclosure for a cargo. The secondary climate control system is configured to thermally communicate with the climate controlled space, the primary climate control system, and the cargo to provide additional or backup climate control capacity at the ultra-low temperature.

A method for operating a refrigeration system for a vehicle, the refrigeration system including a refrigerant circuit with a heat pump function. The refrigerant circuit has an exterior heat exchanger, which is operated as a condenser or gas cooler to perform a refrigeration system mode or which is operated as a heat pump evaporator to carry out a heat pump mode. The refrigerant circuit further has an interior heating condenser or heating gas cooler for carrying out a heating mode. The interior heating condenser or heating gas cooler is fluidically connected downstream of the exterior heat exchanger with a reheating expansion device therebetween to carry out a reheating mode. The opening cross-section of the reheating expansion device is controlled in accordance with a refrigeration system parameter indicating the required reheating power.

A core part includes plural plates stacked with a gap therebetween so as to form plural refrigerant passages and plural cooling water passages. The refrigerant passages are communicated with each other in a stacking direction of the plates by a refrigerant inlet tank section and a refrigerant outlet tank section distanced from each other. A refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet communicate with the refrigerant inlet tank section and the refrigerant outlet tank section, respectively, and are provided at one end of the core part in the stacking direction. The refrigerant inlet and the refrigerant inlet tank section are communicated with each other by a refrigerant inlet passage. A distance between a center of the refrigerant outlet tank section and a center of the refrigerant outlet is shorter than a distance between a center of the refrigerant inlet tank section and a center of the refrigerant inlet.

A heat pump includes a refrigerant loop. The refrigerant loop includes a compressor, a first condenser, a vapor generator having a first region and a second region, a first expansion valve, a second expansion valve, and a first evaporator. A branching point is positioned between the first condenser and the vapor generator. The branching point diverts a portion of a first heat exchange fluid circulating through the refrigerant loop to the vapor generator. The first expansion valve is positioned between the branching point and the vapor generator. An outlet of the vapor generator is coupled to a mid-pressure inlet port of the compressor.

A thermal management system includes a refrigerant loop, a motor coolant loop, and a battery coolant loop. The refrigerant loop includes a first refrigerant main-line, a second refrigerant main-line, a first refrigerant branch, and a second refrigerant branch. The first refrigerant main-line includes a compressor, the second refrigerant main-line includes a cabin condenser, the first refrigerant branch includes a cabin evaporator, the second refrigerant branch includes a radiator. The first refrigerant main-line and the second refrigerant main-line selectively communicate with one of the first and second refrigerant branches. The battery coolant loop includes a coolant main-line, a first coolant branch connected to the cabin evaporator, a second coolant branch connected to the cabin condenser, and a third coolant branch. The coolant main-line selectively communicates with at least one of the first to third coolant branches. The battery coolant loop connects to the motor coolant loop in series or in parallel.

A transport climate control system to cost-effectively maintain an ultra-low temperature over an extended period of time is provided. The transport climate control system includes a primary climate control system and a secondary climate control system. The primary climate control system includes a first compressor, a first condenser, a first expander, and a main evaporator that is configured to thermally communicate with a climate controlled space. The secondary climate control system includes an ultra-low temperature phase changing medium packaged inside or outside of an enclosure for a cargo. The secondary climate control system is configured to thermally communicate with the climate controlled space, the primary climate control system, and the cargo to provide additional or backup climate control capacity at the ultra-low temperature.

A heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system for a vehicle may include a housing, a first heat exchanger, a first door, and a second heat exchanger. The housing may include a first inlet branch, a second inlet branch, and an outlet branch. The first door may be adjacent the first heat exchanger and may move from a first position preventing flow to the first heat exchanger to a second position permitting flow to the first heat exchanger. The second heat exchanger may be positioned downstream of the first heat exchanger.

A method for operating a refrigeration system for a vehicle, which refrigeration system includes a refrigerant circuit having a heat pump function. The refrigerant circuit has an exterior heat exchanger, which is operated as a condenser or gas cooler in order to perform a refrigeration system mode or as a heat pump evaporator in order to carry out a heat pump mode. The refrigerant circuit has an interior heating condenser or heating gas cooler for carrying out a heating mode. The interior heating condenser or heating gas cooler is fluidically connected to the exterior heat exchanger, downstream, by a post-heating expansion device in order to carry out a post-heating mode. The opening cross-section of the post-heating expansion device is controlled in accordance with a refrigeration system parameter indicating the required post-heating power.