A control apparatus configured to control a driving force transmission apparatus. The control apparatus includes a torque command value calculator configured to calculate a torque command value for the right and left rear wheels based on a front-rear wheel rotation speed difference, a command value limiter configured to limit the torque command value to a value equal to or smaller than an upper limit value, and a current controller configured to control a current to be supplied to the driving force transmission apparatus so that a driving force determined based on the torque command value is transmitted to the right and left rear wheels. When the front-rear wheel rotation speed difference increases, the command value limiter sets the upper limit value smaller as a change amount of the front-rear wheel rotation speed difference per unit time increases.

The disclosure relates to a steering system useful for providing stable control during rear axle steering of harvesters, such as self-propelled windrowers. The steering system utilizes left and right-hand side drive motors, and allows for hydraulic fluid to flow between the left and right-hand side drive motors through crossover lines to regulate a speed differential between wheels when the steering system is actuated into a rear axle steering operation mode.

A hydraulic control unit that delivers hydraulic fluid to a limited slip differential includes a hydraulic control unit housing, a vent hole and first and second passageways. The hydraulic control unit housing has an accumulator housing portion that houses a biasing assembly and a piston. The accumulator housing portion forms an accumulator chamber with the piston. The vent hole is defined in the hydraulic control unit housing. The first passageway is defined in the hydraulic control unit housing. The second passageway is defined in the hydraulic control unit housing that intersects the vent hole and is oriented at a different angle than the first passageway. The vent hole is dual purpose permitting hydraulic fluid entry into the accumulator chamber through the second passageway while air is permitted to escape the hydraulic control unit housing through the vent hole.

An AWD system can include a differential, a PTU, and a friction clutch. A differential input can receive torque from the powertrain and rotate about a first axis. First and second differential outputs can rotate about the first axis. A third output can be drivingly coupled to the differential input and rotatable about a second axis transverse to the first axis. The clutch can include first friction members, second friction members, and an actuator. The first friction members can be coupled to the differential input for common rotation. The second friction members can be coupled to the second differential output for common rotation. The actuator can selectively engage the first friction members with the second friction members. The secondary driveline can include a second input member coupled to the third output to receive rotary power therefrom. The second driveline can distribute rotary power for driving the second set of wheels.

A method of providing limited slip in a differential assembly includes interconnecting an axle and a differential assembly through a first slippable linkage. The axle is driven in rotation with a first housing of the differential assembly operable to be driven in rotation by a ring gear. A plurality of pinion gears of the differential assembly are positioned in the first housing and are driven in rotation by the first housing. A side gear is fixed to the axle and is meshed with at least some of the pinion gears. The axle is operable to slip relative to the first housing. The first housing, the plurality of pinion gears and the side gear are enclosed within a second housing. The axle extends from a first end positioned within both of the first housing and the second housing to a second end positioned outside of both of the first housing and the second housing.

Various improvements to axle assemblies are disclosed herein that are especially adapted for highly robust and compact configurations for use in front (i.e., steering) axle configurations.

Methods and systems are provided for operating a driveline of a hybrid vehicle that includes an internal combustion engine, an electric machine, and a transmission are described. In one example, regenerative torque and torque of an electronically controlled differential clutch are adjusted to increase utilization of a vehicle's kinetic energy.

A single drive axle brake includes: a differential unit (300) for separating and transferring the driving power received from the motor (100) to both sides; a differential gear unit (340) for distributing and transferring the driving power transferred from the motor to the wheels disposed on both sides; and a brake unit (360) for restricting the differential gear unit (340). Differential side gears (344, 345) geared with a differential pinion gear are disposed inside a differential gear case (347) coupled with a crown wheel (341) of the differential unit, and the brake unit (360) includes a main brake (380) for restricting and stopping the differential gear case (347), and a subsidiary brake (390) for stopping the rotation of the power shaft (349).

A limited slip differential assembly can include a sleeve, a support shaft, and a clutch assembly. The sleeve can have a sleeve aperture centered on and extending along an axis. The sleeve can also have a first set of splines projecting inwardly from the sleeve aperture. The sleeve can be operable to engage an axle through the first set of splines. The support shaft can have an outer surface, a support shaft aperture centered on and extending along the axis, and a second set of splines projecting from the outer surface. The support shaft can be adjacent to the sleeve along the axis and be operable to encircle and freely rotate relative to the axle. The clutch assembly can be operable to selectively interlock the sleeve and the support shaft.

A method and system for controlling the stability and yaw response of a vehicle being equipped with a front axle (24), a rear axle (26), a controllable differential (22) and a control unit (50) arranged for locking and unlocking the differential (22), the method includes: selectively locking or unlocking the differential (22) depending on the operation of the vehicle; measuring at least the longitudinal vehicle speed (v); comparing the measured vehicle speed (v) with a predetermined first reference speed (v.sub.H); and locking the differential (22) if the measured vehicle speed (v) exceeds the first reference speed (v.sub.H).