A positive drive differential assembly including a differential with an input pinion configured to operably engage with a drive shaft so as to permit the drive shaft to rotate the pinion. A bi-directional overrunning clutch assembly is configured to transmit torque between the pinion and two drive axle segments. A pinion disconnect assembly is provided for controlling transmission of rotation to the pinion and including a rotary coupler. A linear actuator is connected to the rotary coupler and configured to translate the rotary coupler between connected and disconnected positions.

A differential assembly is disclosed, including a housing forming an interior space, and a shaft may extend into a portion of the interior space of the housing. A side gear including an aperture may be arranged within the interior space and an end portion of the shaft is aligned and extends through the aperture. The differential assembly may further include a sliding sleeve configured with a flat flange portion, the sliding sleeve may extend through the aperture and slide over the end portion of the shaft. Furthermore, a pinion gear may be configured with a flat face portion and a pinion gear cam portion may be configured to extend axially away from the flat face portion of the pinion gear. An actuator may actuate the sliding sleeve between a sleeve first position and a sleeve second position and the flat flange portion may interact with the pinion gear cam portion.

An output transfer group for use with a mobile machine includes a hollow gear with a plurality of gear teeth arranged on an outer periphery of the hollow gear and configured to receive an input torque. The output transfer group also includes a differential nested inside the hollow gear and configured to split the input torque between a first output and a second output.

A powertrain for a vehicle comprising includes an internal combustion engine and a transfer case. The transfer case includes a primary output shaft, an electric motor, and a planetary gear set. The primary output shaft receives engine torque from the internal combustion engine. The electric motor includes a rotor and a stator. The planetary gear set includes a sun gear rotatably fixed to the rotor, a ring gear, planet gears arranged radially between and engaging the sun gear and the ring gear, and a planet carrier coupled to the planet gears and rotatably fixed to the primary output shaft. The ring gear is selectively groundable for selectively transferring torque between the electric motor and the primary output shaft.

A control apparatus for a limited-slip differential for front and rear wheels of a vehicle, the control apparatus includes: a basic LSD torque calculation module configured to calculate a basic LSD torque at least on the basis of a transfer input torque; a subtraction LSD torque calculation module configured to calculate a subtraction LSD torque that is subtracted from the basic LSD torque at least on the basis of a vehicle speed and a steering angle; a minimum LSD torque calculation module configured to calculate a minimum LSD torque on the basis of the transfer input torque; a target LSD torque setting module configured to set a target LSD torque at least on the basis of the basic, subtraction, and minimum LSD torques; and a clutch control module configured to control an engaging force of a clutch.

The control device for a four-wheel drive vehicle includes a differential restriction control unit configured to cause the differential restriction device, which is enable a differential restriction degree between a front wheel rotary shaft and a rear wheel rotary shaft, to change the differential restriction degree and a braking control unit configured to cause the braking device to perform EBD control and ABS control. The braking control unit is configured to cause the braking device to suspend the EBD control when the ABS control is started while the EBD control is being performed, and the differential restriction control unit is configured to change the differential restriction degree to a third degree larger than a first degree and equal to or smaller than a second degree when the ABS control is started while the EBD control is being performed.

A control apparatus that controls a four-wheel drive vehicle in which a driving force is transmitted to rear wheels via a dog clutch, a propeller shaft, and a driving force transmission apparatus is configured to, when switching to a four-wheel drive mode, reduce a difference in rotation speeds of an intermediate rotational member and a ring gear member by a frictional force between a friction surface of a friction member, which is configured such that its rotation relative to the intermediate rotational member is restricted, and a target frictional slide surface of the ring gear member, and then couple the intermediate rotational member and the ring gear member by a clutch member in a state in which engagement forces of friction clutches configured to transmit the driving force between each of first and second output rotational members and the intermediate rotational member of the driving force transmission apparatus are set to engagement forces that allow their relative rotation.

A driving force distribution apparatus includes an orthogonal gear pair constituted by a pinion gear shaft and a ring gear member, a casing that houses the orthogonal gear pair, an intermediate rotational member coaxially rotatable relative to the ring gear member, a clutch member configured to couple the ring gear member and the intermediate rotational member to each other, and first and second driving force adjustment mechanisms configured to adjust a driving force to be transmitted from the intermediate rotational member to first and second output rotational members. The ring gear member has a ring gear portion and a tubular portion. At two positions between which the ring gear portion is interposed in an axial direction, the tubular portion) is rotatably supported by a pair of bearings.

A differential assembly is disclosed, including a housing forming an interior space, and a shaft may extend into a portion of the interior space of the housing. A side gear including an aperture may be arranged within the interior space and an end portion of the shaft is aligned and extends through the aperture. The differential assembly may further include a sliding sleeve configured with a flat flange portion, the sliding sleeve may extend through the aperture and slide over the end portion of the shaft. Furthermore, a pinion gear may be configured with a flat face portion and a pinion gear cam portion may be configured to extend axially away from the flat face portion of the pinion gear. An actuator may actuate the sliding sleeve between a sleeve first position and a sleeve second position and the flat flange portion may interact with the pinion gear cam portion.

A controller of a four-wheel drive vehicle includes a first operation part that switches drive mode of the vehicle; a second operation part that switches off-road traveling modes indicating traveling modes for off-road driving of the vehicle; a transfer controller that controls the arrangement of a transfer device in accordance with the drive mode; a detector that detects the arrangement of the transfer device; a determiner that determines whether a switching of the traveling modes is permitted or not based on the drive mode and the arrangement detected by the detector; and a setter that sets the traveling modes of the vehicle based on the detected arrangement and input operations to the first operation part and the second operation part when the determiner determines the switching of the traveling modes is permitted, and maintains the current traveling mode when the determiner determines the switching of the traveling modes is not permitted.