A driver state determination apparatus includes circuitry configured to recognize whether a driver's voluntary function works normally and to recognize whether an involuntary function works normally. On condition that the driver's voluntary function does not work normally, the circuitry is configured to reduce a specified time required to recognize whether the involuntary function works normally.

A vehicle can be configured to attempt to awaken a sleeping occupant when certain wake-up events have occurred. It can be determined whether a wake-up event has occurred. In one or more arrangements, the wake-up event can relate to the refueling of the vehicle (e.g., fuel level or recharge level). Sensor data relating to a vehicle occupant can be acquired. Based on the acquired sensor data, it can be determined whether the vehicle occupant is sleeping. Responsive to determining that the vehicle occupant is sleeping, the vehicle can cause a wake-up alert to be presented within the vehicle. The wake-up alert can be a visual, audial, and/or haptic wake-up alert.

An information presenting apparatus is used in an autonomous vehicle capable of switching between autonomous driving control and manual driving control. The information presenting apparatus determines a response action for checking that the driver is ready to take over when the autonomous driving control is switched to the manual driving control, performs control for requesting the driver to perform the response action determined, and detects the response action performed by the driver.

The present invention provides a method for determining a target of alcohol test, including: determining whether a motor vehicle satisfies a preset condition; and determining, as a target vehicle, a motor vehicle that satisfies at least one preset condition. The preset condition comprises at least one of: a parking duration in an area, in which a distance from a place selling alcoholic drinks does not exceed a predetermined distance, has a value within a predetermined range; alcohol content in a body of a driver of the motor vehicle exceeds a predetermined value; and schedule of a driver of the motor vehicle on that driving day comprises having a meal and/or a dinner party. The present invention further provides a driving safety device, a server and a driving safety system.

Apparatus for use with a vehicle is disclosed and comprises an interlock device. The device is adapted to, in use: at least while said vehicle is in motion, periodically generate a prompt; assess motion of said vehicle; at least when said vehicle is assessed by said device to be at rest, carry out an analysis operation wherein a breath sample is received and analyzed; and in the event that, within a predetermined period following a prompt, the device does not, while said vehicle is assessed to be at rest, carry out said analysis operation, enter an alarm state at least when the vehicle is in motion. The device can be adapted to carry out analysis operations only when the vehicle is assessed to be at rest.

A method of alerting a vehicle's driver. The method comprises receiving an azimuth value indicating a gazing direction of a head of the driver from a primary device placed on the driver, receiving a vehicle bearing value indicating a vehicle moving direction of the vehicle driven by the driver, calculating an angular difference between the azimuth value and the vehicle bearing value, generating an alert when the angular difference deviates from an angular threshold, and automatically presenting the alert to the driver in response to the angular difference.

Interacting with the driver based on the driver's context can keep help keep the driver alert. The context can be determined determining driver characteristics including the interests and by monitoring the circumstances surrounding the driver, such as the state of the driver using sensors included in the vehicle, the state of the vehicle, and the information about the driver's current locale. The characteristics and the monitored circumstances define the context of driver. Information of interest to the driver is obtained and is used to generate actions that are recommendable to the driver based on the driver's context. The actions are used to keep the driver alert.

A method for deriving a fatigue score (100) indicative of a current drowsiness state of an operator (1) measures a plurality of signals (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90) and derives a personalized fatigue score (100) for the operator using these signals (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90) in a weighted and operator-personalized way.

Provided is a wearable device including a main body that is configured to be worn on a specific portion of a user's body, a sensing unit, provided in the main body, that senses a biological signal of a user, a storage unit that collects log information relating to the biological signal, and in which an index pattern relating to a state of the user included in the collected log information is stored, and a controller that sets a reference driving index, using the stored index pattern, in which when it is sensed that the user gets in a vehicle, the controller determines a current driving index corresponding to the biological signal that is sensed before and after the user gets in the vehicle, based on the reference driving index being set, and outputs feedback that notifies the state of the user that corresponds to a result of the determination.

A device for emitting radiation includes a reflector component and a clip. The reflector component has a top side, a bottom side, and a perimeter side. At least one aperture formed within the reflector component that extends from a top opening on the top side of the reflector component through to a bottom opening on the bottom side of the reflector component. The clip may be connected to the reflector component and has a flat side that is in contact with the bottom side of the reflector component. Portions of the substantially flat side of the clip are configured to be soldered to a circuit board having an emitter which extends at least partially through the aperture when the clip is soldered to the circuit board.