A power supply system of a vehicle is provided. The system includes a high-voltage battery for storing power and a power relay that is disposed between the high-voltage battery and an electric load. A first converter receives the power from the high-voltage battery through the power relay and a second converter bypasses the power relay to directly receive the power from the high-voltage battery. The electric load receives the power from at least any one of the first converter and the second converter.

An electric power distribution system includes a first path through which electric power is supplied to a main load; a second path through which electric power is supplied to the backup load; a third path that connects a second DC/DC converter and a first battery; a fourth path that connects the first battery and the first DC/DC converter in parallel to the main load; and a control unit that controls an output voltage of the second DC/DC converter according to an assumed output capacity derived from travel route information of a navigation system mounted on the vehicle. The assumed output capacity is a capacity that is able to supply electric power used for a driven load in the backup load, and is set to be lower than a threshold battery capacity that is lower than in a fully charged state of the second battery.

A vehicle electrical system for a rail vehicle includes a bus bar, an energy supply unit for feeding electrical energy to the bus bar, a bus bar supply line which is connected to an output side of the energy supply unit and to the bus bar and has a switch, an auxiliary system and a first auxiliary system supply line connected to the bus bar and to the auxiliary system. In order to make it possible to reliably supply the auxiliary system with electrical energy, the vehicle electrical system includes a second auxiliary system supply line which is connected to the auxiliary system and to the output side of the energy supply unit, for bypassing the bus bar. The two auxiliary system supply lines each have a switch. A method for operating a vehicle electrical system and a rail vehicle having the vehicle electrical system are also provided.

A bidirectional two-phase chopper circuit boosts a voltage of direct-current power converted by an AC/DC converter to output it to a high-voltage battery and steps down a voltage of direct-current power being supplied to a low-voltage load unit from the high-voltage battery. A connector is connected to a quick charger supplying direct-current power. A connector is connected to a superquick charger supplying direct-current power having a higher voltage than that of the quick charger.

An electric power source system for a vehicle includes: a high-voltage battery; a first electric power source arrangement; a second electric power source arrangement; and a third electric power source arrangement, wherein the first electric power source arrangement includes a first DCDC converter and a first battery and is configured to supply the electric power to a first load including at least an automatic driving system, the second electric power source arrangement includes a second DCDC converter and a second battery and is configured to supply the electric power to a second load including at least a steering ECU, a brake ECU, and an information communication unit, and the third electric power source arrangement includes a connection controller and a third battery and is configured to supply the electric power to a third load including at least the steering ECU, the brake ECU, and the information communication unit.

A vehicle power supply control device includes trunk line units of two systems provided in a vehicle; branch line units branched from the trunk line units of two systems; a vehicle power supply master coupled to one side of the trunk line units of two systems and includes a main battery that charges and discharges electric power; and a plurality of area power supply masters coupled to the trunk line units of two systems via the branch line units, coupled to a load that consumes electric power, and each include an area battery that charges and discharges electric power. The vehicle power supply master supplies electric power of the main battery to the area power supply masters via the trunk line units of two systems, and the area power supply masters supply, to the load, electric power supplied from the vehicle power supply master or charged in the area battery.

A vehicle power supply control device includes trunk line units of two systems provided in a vehicle; branch line units branched from the trunk line units of two systems; a vehicle power supply master coupled to one side of the trunk line units of two systems and includes a main battery that charges and discharges electric power; and a plurality of area power supply masters coupled to the trunk line units of two systems via the branch line units, coupled to a load that consumes electric power, and each include an area battery that charges and discharges electric power. The vehicle power supply master supplies electric power of the main battery to the area power supply masters via the trunk line units of two systems, and the area power supply masters supply, to the load, electric power supplied from the vehicle power supply master or charged in the area battery.

Effectively utilize a capacitor for supplying power to a load when a battery abnormality occurs. A power supply device for connecting to a battery and a load to which power is supplied from the battery includes: a capacitor; a first switch for switching a connection state between the battery and the capacitor; a second switch for switching a connection state between the capacitor and the load; and a control unit for detecting a state of charge of the capacitor and abnormality of the battery. When the abnormality of the battery is not detected, the control unit turns on the first switch and turns off the second switch when the capacitor is not charged, and maintains the first switch on after the capacitor is fully charged.

A power supply system of a vehicle is provided. The system includes a high-voltage battery for storing power and a power relay that is disposed between the high-voltage battery and an electric load. A first converter receives the power from the high-voltage battery through the power relay and a second converter bypasses the power relay to directly receive the power from the high-voltage battery. The electric load receives the power from at least any one of the first converter and the second converter.

Power systems are provided for a power machine, including power machines having a battery and a motor arranged to be powered by the battery. A first switch can be switched between open and closed states to control charging, pre-heating, or other operations for the battery and for the power system as a whole.