A hydrogen detection apparatus includes a hydrogen sensor, a sensor control circuit configured to sense a resistance value of the hydrogen sensor, and a microcomputer configured to set an off time that differs depending on an operating environment and intermittently drive the sensor control circuit. The hydrogen sensor includes a first electrode; a metal-oxide layer on the first electrode, and in which a resistance value is configured to change in response to contacting hydrogen atoms; a second electrode on the metal-oxide layer; and an insulating film that covers at least a portion of lateral surfaces of the first electrode, the metal-oxide layer, and the second electrode. A portion of at least one of: (i) a first interface between the first electrode and the metal-oxide layer; and (ii) a second interface between the second electrode and the metal-oxide layer is uncovered by the insulating film and exposed to a detection space.

A reaction cell for a flow battery having flow channels positioned within a recess of a non-porous and non-brittle housing that is also a dielectric. Positioning the flow channels within the recess eliminates the need for end plates, gaskets, and insulators of conventional designs. A current collector and an electrode within the recess have areas approximately equal to the area of the recess such that they fit within the recess and maximize the contact area between them.

A reaction cell for a flow battery having flow channels positioned within a recess of a non-porous and non-brittle housing that is also a dielectric. Positioning the flow channels within the recess eliminates the need for end plates, gaskets, and insulators of conventional designs. A current collector and an electrode within the recess have areas approximately equal to the area of the recess such that they fit within the recess and maximize the contact area between them.

A die-cast aluminum bracket for a vehicle is provided between a mounted object and a vehicle structure. The die-cast aluminum bracket includes: a first attachment section configured to be coupled to the mounted object; and a second attachment section configured to be coupled to the vehicle structure, wherein a first surface, which faces the mounted object at the time when the mounted object is coupled, in the first attachment section has a chill layer removed section in which an internal layer of the bracket is exposed, and a second surface of the first attachment section has a chill layer, the second surface being on an opposite side of the first attachment section from the first surface.

A die-cast aluminum bracket for a vehicle is provided between a mounted object and a vehicle structure. The die-cast aluminum bracket includes: a first attachment section configured to be coupled to the mounted object; and a second attachment section configured to be coupled to the vehicle structure, wherein a first surface, which faces the mounted object at the time when the mounted object is coupled, in the first attachment section has a chill layer removed section in which an internal layer of the bracket is exposed, and a second surface of the first attachment section has a chill layer, the second surface being on an opposite side of the first attachment section from the first surface.

A thermal management system for a fuel cell vehicle is provided. The thermal management system includes a fuel cell stack, a heater configured to use power generated by the fuel cell stack, a radiator configured to cool a coolant, a pump configured to circulate the coolant, and a valve configured to control a temperature of the coolant by adjusting a flow rate of the coolant supplied to the pump from at least one of the fuel cell stack, the heater, or the radiator.

A thermal management system for a fuel cell vehicle is provided. The thermal management system includes a fuel cell stack, a heater configured to use power generated by the fuel cell stack, a radiator configured to cool a coolant, a pump configured to circulate the coolant, and a valve configured to control a temperature of the coolant by adjusting a flow rate of the coolant supplied to the pump from at least one of the fuel cell stack, the heater, or the radiator.

A heavy duty power distribution system is provided that includes an electric vehicle control module and a cable interface coupled with the electric vehicle control module. The electric vehicle control module includes an electric vehicle frame assembly and a power distribution component coupled with the electric vehicle control module frame assembly. The electric vehicle control module frame assembly is configured to support components of the electric vehicle control module on a vehicle frame rail, e.g., behind a cab thereof. A cowling is disposed around the power distribution component. The cable interface has a first junction and a second junction which are configured to connect the power distribution component with a power source and a load respectively.

A vehicle control device includes at least one ECU configured to: when charging the first battery from the power generation device is possible and a restriction on operation of the power generation device is predicted during traveling, control the power generation unit such that the first battery is charged from the power generation device and control the power generation unit such that the second battery is charged in a case where an SOC of the first battery is equal to or higher than a threshold; and when the charging is not possible, the SOC of the first battery is equal to or lower than a threshold and an SOC of the second battery is equal to or higher than a threshold and the restriction is predicted during traveling, control the power generation unit such that the first battery is charged from the second battery.

A vehicle control device includes at least one ECU configured to: when charging the first battery from the power generation device is possible and a restriction on operation of the power generation device is predicted during traveling, control the power generation unit such that the first battery is charged from the power generation device and control the power generation unit such that the second battery is charged in a case where an SOC of the first battery is equal to or higher than a threshold; and when the charging is not possible, the SOC of the first battery is equal to or lower than a threshold and an SOC of the second battery is equal to or higher than a threshold and the restriction is predicted during traveling, control the power generation unit such that the first battery is charged from the second battery.