A fuel cell oxygen delivery system, method, and apparatus for full-scale clean fuel electric-powered vehicle having a fuel cell module including a plurality of fuel cells working together that augments gaseous oxygen from ambient air and gaseous hydrogen extracted from liquid hydrogen by pressure change or heat exchangers, with fuel cells containing electrical circuits configured to collect electrons from the plurality of hydrogen fuel cells to supply voltage and current to motor controllers commanded by control units configured to control an amount and distribution of electrical voltage and torque or current for each of one or more motor and propeller or rotor assembly, wherein electrons returning from the electrical circuits combine with both oxygen derived from air and onboard oxygen from the delivery system to form oxygen ions, then protons combine with oxygen ions to form H.sub.2O molecules and heat.

A fuel cell oxygen delivery system, method, and apparatus for full-scale clean fuel electric-powered vehicle having a fuel cell module including a plurality of fuel cells working together that augments gaseous oxygen from ambient air and gaseous hydrogen extracted from liquid hydrogen by pressure change or heat exchangers, with fuel cells containing electrical circuits configured to collect electrons from the plurality of hydrogen fuel cells to supply voltage and current to motor controllers commanded by control units configured to control an amount and distribution of electrical voltage and torque or current for each of one or more motor and propeller or rotor assembly, wherein electrons returning from the electrical circuits combine with both oxygen derived from air and onboard oxygen from the delivery system to form oxygen ions, then protons combine with oxygen ions to form H.sub.2O molecules and heat.

A reactor unit includes reactors; and a cooler. The reactors are disposed in at least one line on a reactor cooling surface that is one of outer surfaces of the cooler. The cooler has a cooling medium flow passage that is in contact with an inner surface on a reverse side of the reactor cooling surface. The cooling medium flows linearly from an inlet portion to an outlet portion of the cooling medium flow passage. A direction in which the cooling medium flows inside the cooling medium flow passage is same as a direction in which the reactors are disposed in the at least one line. Cooling fins are provided on the inner surface on the reverse side of the reactor cooling surface. A longitudinal direction of each cooling fin is same as the direction in which the cooling medium flows inside the cooling medium flow passage.

A fuel cell vehicle includes a lid, a switch, a sensor, and circuitry. The lid opens and closes a fuel inlet through which fuel gas is to be supplied to a tank. The switch takes an opening position to open the lid and a closing position to close the lid. The sensor detects whether the lid opens or closes the fuel inlet. The circuitry is configured to prohibit the fuel cell vehicle from travelling when the sensor detects that the lid opens the fuel inlet while the switch takes the opening position.

A fuel cell contains two or more fluid-supplying internal manifolds and fluid-discharging internal manifolds for each fluid. External manifolds include fluid-supplying external manifolds, which connect to the fluid-supplying internal manifolds, and fluid-discharging external manifolds, which connect to the fluid-discharging internal manifolds, for each fluid. The respective fluid-supplying and fluid-discharging external manifolds are positioned approximately in parallel with each other, extending in the width direction of a cell laminate body.

A fuel cell vehicle includes a fuel cell, a storage device, a receptacle, a housing, and a vehicle side communication device. The housing has a bottom wall recessed from a surface of a body of the fuel cell vehicle by a predetermined depth. The receptacle protrudes from a bottom face of the bottom wall to an inner space of the housing. The vehicle side communication device is provided to the housing on an outer circumferential side of the receptacle. The vehicle side communication device is configured to wirelessly communicate with a nozzle side communication device provided to a nozzle. The vehicle side communication device is disposed on a deeper side than the bottom face of the bottom wall and/or is disposed via a partition wall configured to shield the vehicle side communication device from fuel gas in the inner space.

A device and a method for providing electricity to an electric motor for propulsion of a vehicle are provided. The method comprises the features of feeding Energy Carriers (EC) in the shape of particles having a first oxidation state (I) from a first container on board the vehicle to an Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC). The EC are reacted at the SOFC to change the oxidation state from the first oxidation (I) to the second oxidation state (II) while producing electric energy. The EC is thereafter fed from the SOFC to a second container on board the vehicle. A reversed reaction is enabled on board the vehicle, e.g., by applying a voltage to the SOFC to reverse the reaction, and the EC are reacted to change its oxidation state from its second oxidation state (II) back to its first oxidation state (I) before the EC is returned to the first container. A system for performing the method is also provided.

A fuel cell vehicle includes a fuel cell stack, a fuel tank that stores fuel gas to be supplied to the fuel cell stack, a tank chamber that houses the fuel tank, a gas filling port that fills the fuel tank with fuel gas from outside of the vehicle, a filling lid box that includes a housing chamber and a lid member and is provided above the tank chamber, a fuel gas sensor that is arranged in the tank chamber, and a duct that allows the housing chamber and the tank chamber to communicate with each other.

A fuel cell vehicle includes a fuel cell stack, a fuel tank that stores fuel gas to be supplied to the fuel cell stack, a tank chamber that houses the fuel tank, a gas filling port that fills the fuel tank with fuel gas from outside of the vehicle, a filling lid box that includes a housing chamber and a lid member and is provided above the tank chamber, a fuel gas sensor that is arranged in the tank chamber, and a duct that allows the housing chamber and the tank chamber to communicate with each other.

A method for starting a cold or frozen fuel cell stack as efficiently and quickly as possible in a vehicle application is based upon a state of charge of a first power source such as a high voltage battery. Power flow between the first power source and fuel cell system is coordinated in conjunction with a specific load schedule and parallel control algorithms to minimize the start time required and optimize system warm-up.