A vehicle includes a battery and a controller. The controller is programmed to executed a parameter estimation strategy for the battery during time intervals when the current flowing through the battery is sufficiently dynamic. During periods of generally constant current, the parameters are derived from the last valid parameters from the parameter estimation strategy. During periods of generally constant current in which a battery temperature and/or a state of charge of the battery changes by a predetermined amount, the parameters are derived from historical parameter values.

A vehicle includes a battery and a controller. The controller is programmed to executed a parameter estimation strategy for the battery during time intervals when the current flowing through the battery is sufficiently dynamic. During periods of generally constant current, the parameters are derived from the last valid parameters from the parameter estimation strategy. During periods of generally constant current in which a battery temperature and/or a state of charge of the battery changes by a predetermined amount, the parameters are derived from historical parameter values.

There is fear that some battery cells among battery cells which are serially connected may consume electric power all the time, thereby causing expansion of unbalance in voltage of the battery cells and hindering electric discharge of a battery system. When a second battery has a sufficient voltage, an electric current control board supplies operating power to a battery control unit and a relay via an external minus line and an external plus line. On the other hand, when the voltage of the second battery has decreased, the electric current control board supplies the operating power from a first battery to the battery control unit and the relay via an internal minus line and an internal plus line. A first electric current control unit and a second electric current control unit control the supply of the operating power according to, for example, the decrease in voltage of the second battery.

An electric vehicle charging station comprises a direct current (DC) bus configured to receive DC power from multiple power sources including at least one battery energy storage system (BESS); at least one electric vehicle charging stall connected to the DC bus and configured to charge an electric vehicle load; and a controller configured to monitor and control power flow from the DC bus to the at least one electric vehicle charging stall and to monitor and control power flow between the BESS and the DC bus.

An electric vehicle charging station comprises a direct current (DC) bus configured to receive DC power from multiple power sources including at least one battery energy storage system (BESS); at least one electric vehicle charging stall connected to the DC bus and configured to charge an electric vehicle load; and a controller configured to monitor and control power flow from the DC bus to the at least one electric vehicle charging stall and to monitor and control power flow between the BESS and the DC bus.

The present disclosure relates to a method for estimating a state of charge (SOC) of a battery and a battery management system applying the same. A method for estimating a SOC of a battery in a method for estimating a SOC of a battery module assembly including battery modules respectively including a plurality of battery cells includes: receiving a battery current from a current sensor; comparing the battery current and a threshold current, and selecting a method for estimating a first SOC or a method for estimating a second SOC according to a comparison result; estimating a SOC of the cells according to the selected method for estimating a state of charge; and estimating the SOC of the battery module assembly by combining the estimated SOC of the battery cells.

Disclosed is an apparatus and method for controlling power of a parallel multi pack module. The apparatus determines a minimum available power of first to nth battery packs based on operation characteristic values of the first to nth battery packs, determines a total power of the parallel multi pack module from the minimum available power and a ratio of a summed current value to a maximum current value among the measured current values of the first to nth battery packs, and transmits the determined total power of the parallel multi pack module to the power management unit, and the power management unit controls the power consumed in a load or the power provided to the parallel multi pack module by a charging device so as not to exceed the total power of the parallel multi pack module.

Disclosed is an apparatus and method for controlling power of a parallel multi pack module. The apparatus determines a minimum available power of first to nth battery packs based on operation characteristic values of the first to nth battery packs, determines a total power of the parallel multi pack module from the minimum available power and a ratio of a summed current value to a maximum current value among the measured current values of the first to nth battery packs, and transmits the determined total power of the parallel multi pack module to the power management unit, and the power management unit controls the power consumed in a load or the power provided to the parallel multi pack module by a charging device so as not to exceed the total power of the parallel multi pack module.

A power supply charging system comprising: a) a first power cell having electrical energy stored therein; b) a second power cell having electrical energy stored therein, wherein the first power cell and the second power cell are adapted to not be in a discharging mode or a charging mode simultaneously; c) a third power cell in electrical communication with the first power cell and the second power cell, wherein the third power cell is adapted to operably supply power to the first power cell when in the charging mode or the second power cell when in the charging mode; and d) a control system which is adapted to alternate the power being supplied from the third power cell to the first power cell while in the charging mode and the second power cell which in the charging mode based on an occurrence of a pre-determined condition.

The disclosure relates to a vehicle with a traction battery and a fuel cell system, and a controller programmed to purge the fuel cell system by flowing air through it to remove moisture from the fuel cell system. The controller is configured to initiate the purge based on a distance of the vehicle from a destination, a state of charge of the traction battery, and ambient temperature conditions at the destination. The freeze preparation process can be initiated when the vehicle is approaching its destination and can be predicted using connectivity and communication with off-board sources.