A bicycle configurable for operating using a speed based control system and scheme or a torque based control system and scheme. A speed sensor or a torque sensor may detect an operating characteristic of the bicycle and a controller may determine whether to operate using a speed based control system and scheme or a torque based control system and scheme based on the operating characteristic. A signal from a speed sensor or a torque sensor may be used for determining the mechanical limits of a CVT range and when to incorporate an electric motor.

A vehicle and a method for controlling the vehicle are provided. The vehicle may include a battery; and a motor configured to generate a driving force by using the electric power charged in the battery, perform a regenerative braking, and charge the battery through the regenerative braking. The vehicle identifies destination information entered in the input during the preparation of charging at the charging station, searches for a route from the charging station to the destination based on the position information of the charging station and the position information of the destination, acquires the charging amount by regenerative braking based on the road information in the searched route and the table, and stops controlling the charging of the battery when the charging amount charged in the battery is charged by the regenerative braking during charging of the battery at the charging station.

A bicycle includes a frame, a charging circuit carried by the frame and configured to capture energy associated with movement of the bicycle, a power module carried by the frame, and a switch disposed electrically between the charging circuit and power module. The power module, in response to an indication that the bicycle is travelling downhill, closes the switch to enable energy transfer between the charging circuit and power module.

An apparatus comprising an interface, a memory and a processor. The interface may be configured to receive sensor data samples during operation of a vehicle. The memory may be configured to store the sensor data samples over a number of points in time. The processor may be configured to analyze the sensor data samples stored in the memory to detect a pattern. The processor may be configured to manage an application of brakes of the vehicle in response to the pattern.

A small electric vehicle includes: a body with a forward, backward, and a width direction; left and right driving wheels in the width direction of the body; free wheels, apart from the driving wheels, in the forward and backward direction; left and right motors to respectively transmit power to the left and right driving wheels; left and right rotation speed sensors detecting rotation speeds of the respective motors; an operation unit with an operation element; and a control unit controlling the motors according to an operation on the operation element, the control unit calculates target rotation speeds of the motors, based on a target vehicle speed provided by an operation position of the operation element, and on a target vehicle angular velocity provided by the operation position of the operation element and by the actual speed of the vehicle, and control the left and right motors such that actual rotation speeds of the motors follow the respective target rotation speeds.

A small electric vehicle includes: left and right motors connected so as to respectively transmit power to left and right driving wheels; left and right rotation speed sensors; an inclination sensor; a joystick-type operation element; and a control unit, wherein it is configured to calculate target rotation speeds of the left and right motors, based on a target vehicle speed provided by an inclination angle in consideration of the pitch angle and the roll angle detected through the inclination sensor and by an operation position of the operation element, and on a target vehicle angular velocity provided by the inclination angle, by the operation position of the operation element and by the actual speed of the vehicle, and control the left and right motors such that actual rotation speeds of the left and right motors follow the respective target rotation speeds.

A control system for a vehicle is provided, which includes a driving force source configured to generate torque for driving drive wheels, a steering wheel, a steering angle sensor, and a controller. Based on the detected steering angle, the controller reduces the driving torque to add deceleration to the vehicle when the steering wheel is being turned in one direction, and increases the torque to add acceleration when the steering wheel is being turned back in the other direction. The controller controls the torque, when the steering wheel is being turned in the returning direction from a state where it is turned in the one direction, so as to add forward acceleration until the steering wheel returns to a neutral position, and when the steering wheel is then being turned in the other direction after passing through the neutral position, so as not to add the forward acceleration.

Various disclosed embodiments include illustrative systems for performing hill stall/start assist functions. An illustrative drive unit controller receives a zero-speed command and electric motor information, generates a torque command based on the received zero-speed command and the electric motor information, and instructs a drive unit inverter for an electric motor in response to the generated torque command.

An electric vehicle, an automatic driving method and equipment, and an automatic freight transportation method and system, the electric vehicle (1) comprising a plurality of sets of wheel assemblies (2) disposed at the lower surface of a chassis (10), wherein the plurality of sets of wheel assemblies (2) are independent of each other; each wheel assembly (2) comprises a wheel (21), a driving device (22) and a displacement device (23); the driving devices (22) drives the wheels (21) to rotate, and the displacement devices (23) at least drives the wheels (21) to move along the vehicle body width direction (X) of the electric vehicle (1). Each set of wheel assemblies (2) of the electric vehicle (1) has an independent power system, and the wheels (21) of each of the wheel assemblies (2) are independently controlled by means of the driving devices (22) and the displacement devices (23), so that when used to carry people, the electric vehicle (1) may meet the driving requirements of being highly flexible, stable, safe and comfortable; and when used for loading goods, the electric vehicle (1) may meet the cargo transportation requirements of being fully automated, highly efficient, highly accurate, low cost and highly safe.

A method for increasing a default electric stall torque limits in a motor vehicle having an electrified powertrain inclusive of a traction power inverter module (TPIM) connected to an electric traction motor includes receiving vehicle level inputs via a controller. The controller is programmed with the default electric stall torque limits. The method includes selecting an inverter control strategy, via the controller, as a selected inverter control strategy in response to the vehicle level inputs, the strategy including temporarily increasing the default electric stall torque limits while applying a pulse width modulation (PWM) type at a corresponding PWM switching frequency. The method also includes controlling an output state of the TPIM and the electric traction motor over a calibrated duration, via the controller, using the selected inverter control strategy. A motor vehicle includes the controller, road wheels, TPIM, and traction motor.