A position assurance apparatus, which is used for a connector assembly connected to a signal circuit are provided. The connector assembly comprises a first connector and a second connector, which are connected in pairs, wherein the first connector is connected to the signal circuit, and the second connector is inserted in the first connector. The position assurance apparatus comprises a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion, which are electrically connected to each other. The first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are configured to be electrically connected to the signal circuit by means of the first connector, so as to turn on the signal circuit when the first connector and the second connector are inserted in place.

A fuel cell electric vehicle includes a ladder frame, a fuel cell stack, a fuel tank, a joint, and a center tunnel. The ladder frame includes two side members extending in parallel in a front-rear direction of the fuel cell electric vehicle and a plurality of cross members linking the two side members. The fuel tank stores fuel gas to be used by the fuel cell stack. The fuel cell stack and the fuel tank are fixed to the ladder frame. The fuel tank and the joint are linked by a first fuel pipe made of metal, and the joint and the fuel cell stack are linked by a second fuel pipe. The fuel tank and the joint are supported by the ladder frame and accordingly the relative vibration of the joint with respect to the fuel tank is reduced, and are disposed in the center tunnel.

An inverter controller includes a processing circuitry. The processing circuitry is configured to obtain a command rotation speed transmitted repeatedly from outside of the inverter controller, count a command obtaining interval that is a period from a point in time where an old command rotation speed was obtained to a point in time where a new command rotation speed is obtained, set a target acceleration of the electric motor when the command rotation speed has been obtained, and control the inverter circuit such that the electric motor rotates at the set target acceleration. The processing circuitry is configured to calculate a command acceleration based on the counted command obtaining interval and the new command rotation speed, the command acceleration being set as the target acceleration.

Pulsed control of electric motors, and more particularly, to selectively adjusting one or more of a pulsing frequency, an amplitude of the pulses and/or a duty cycle of the pulses for reducing Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH) while maintaining high levels of operating efficiency.

An energy storage system comprising at least one energy storage module adapted to supply electrical energy to a hybrid vehicle. The energy storage module comprises an enclosure, at least one battery array located within the enclosure, and an energy storage controller module located within the enclosure and electrically connected to the battery array. The energy storage module further comprises a compliant tipped thermistor which may be installed within a flexible clip. The thermistor is positioned to monitor the temperature of one or more of the batteries within the energy storage system.

A fuel cell vehicle includes a fuel cell stack, a hydrogen gas supply pipe for supplying a hydrogen gas to the fuel cell stack, and injectors provided at positions along the hydrogen gas supply pipe, for injecting the hydrogen gas to the fuel cell stack. The hydrogen gas supply pipe includes a buffer, provided on the upstream side of the injectors, and the hydrogen gas can flow through the buffer. The buffer includes a branch pipe branched from the hydrogen gas supply pipe, and the buffer tank coupled to the branch pipe so as to allow the hydrogen gas to flow through the buffer tank.

An electric drive system, method and apparatus includes a rechargeable energy storage unit, a power inverter, and a rotary electric machine. Transfer of electrical power between the rechargeable energy storage unit and the rotary electric machine is governed by a pulse width modulation (PWM) switching frequency, which is one of a non-six-step switching mode or a six-step switching mode. Executable instructions determine a rotational speed, a torque command, a torque direction, a bus voltage, and a hysteresis band, determine a modulation index command in response to the rotational speed, the torque command, the torque direction, and the bus voltage, and command operation of the rotary electric machine in one of the non-six-step switching mode or the six-step switching mode employing the modulation index command.

A variety of methods, controllers, and electric machine systems are described that facilitate pulsed control of multiple electric machines (e.g., electric motors and generators) to improve the machine's energy conversion efficiency. Under selected operating conditions, the electric machine is intermittently driven (pulsed). The pulsed operation causes the output of the electric machine to alternate between a first output level and a second output level that is lower than the first output level. The output levels are selected such that at least one of the electric machines and a system that includes the electric machine has a higher energy conversion efficiency during the pulsed operation than the electric machine would have when operated at a third output level that would be required to drive the electric machine in a continuous manner to deliver the desired output. In some embodiments, the second output level is zero torque.

A support device of a vehicle battery pack of a vehicle. The vehicle battery pack includes a first battery accommodating portion disposed in a first space of the vehicle and a second battery accommodating portion, where the second battery accommodating portion is greater in a vehicle-widthwise dimension than the first battery accommodating portion, where the second battery accommodating portion is connected to the first battery accommodating portion, where the second battery accommodating portion is disposed in a second space, and where the second space is below the first space in a vehicle-heightwise dimension. A frame-side bracket is disposed at a vehicle-widthwise outer surface of a web of a side rail of a ladder frame of the vehicle and projects outward in a vehicle-widthwise direction and a connecting member elastically connects the second battery accommodating portion to the frame-side bracket to suspend the vehicle battery pack to the ladder frame.

An electrical machine comprising: at least one stator, at least one module, the at least one module comprising at least one electromagnetic coil and at least one switch, the at least one module being attached to the at least one stator; at least one rotor with a plurality of magnets attached to the at least one rotor, an integrated electrical differential coupled to at least one of the rotors, the at least one integrated electrical differential permitting the at least one rotor to output at least two rotational outputs to corresponding shafts, wherein the at least two rotational outputs are able to move the shafts at different rotational velocities to one another. The electrical machine is configured to fit into a housing, and that can be retrofitted into a conventional vehicle by replacing the mechanical differential.