The present invention provides methods for improving fruit quality in plants that have low or reduced levels of Golden2-like (GLK) activity in the green fruit (e.g., cultivated tomato). The methods involve introgressing genes encoding functional GLKs into the plant so that they are expressed in the green fruit of the plant and thereby increase chloroplast biogenesis in the fruit. The plants of the invention have improved fruit quality, such as increased levels of starch, soluble solids, and/or sugars.

The present disclosure relates to recombinant DNA molecules and engineered proteins useful for conferring tolerance to -triketone herbicides such as mesotrione. The present disclosure also provides herbicide tolerant transgenic plants, plant parts, cells and seeds comprising the recombinant DNA molecules, and methods of using the same.

Compositions and methods are provided for large scale manipulation of genomic regions and chromosomal engineering of plant genomes that include paracentric inversions, rearrangement of pericentromeric chromosomal segments, chromosomal translocations and inversions thereof. These advanced breeding techniques provide enhanced genetic diversity within existing breeding population and increase genetic gain. Wild or outcrosses between two different crop species that can be crossed are also within scope of the disclosure. Site-specific genome manipulation tools such as CRISPR-Cas systems enable targeted chromosomal engineering of crop plants, including stable, inheritable, large-scale centromeric inversions.

The present invention relates to a spinach plant that is resistant to downy mildew caused by Peronospora farinosa. The present invention further relates to a resistance gene that confers resistance to downy mildew in spinach plants, and methods for obtaining a spinach plant that is resistant to downy mildew, and use of one or more markers for providing a spinach plant that is resistant to downy mildew.

A method is provided for obtaining new distant germplasm of intergeneric hybridized potato based on grafting-mentor, including the following steps: (1) using young branches, which are growing well, free of diseases, non-lignified, and from an upper part of Lycium as rootstock; (2) using seedlings of diploid primitive cultivated potato with 2-3 unfolded leaves as scion; (3) grafting; (4) conducting post-grafting management; (5) obtaining distant hybridized germplasm by using potato flower buds from the grafted plants for pollination, obtaining seeds of potato varieties after self-fertility, performing pre-germination on selfing seeds, obtaining true seed mini-tubers, and using these mini-tubers for further grafting and pollination to obtain distant hybridized seeds, performing tissue culture propagation on the distant hybridized seeds to obtain F1 asexual clone line foundation seeds.

The present disclosure discloses a breeding method and use of a blue-grained two-line hybrid wheat system. The present disclosure creates alien translocated chromosomes (T4AgL (Ba-containing fragment)-4BL (fragment near centromere).4thS and T4AgL (Ba-containing fragment)-4BL (fragment near centromere).4thS (Rf-containing fragment)) and alien translocated telosomes (T4AgL (Ba-containing fragment)-4thS (Rf-containing fragment), T4thS (Rf-containing fragment)-4AgL (Ba-containing fragment). and T4thS (Rf-containing fragment)-4AgL (Ba-containing fragment)-4BL (fragment near centromere).) of a blue-grained gene Ba and an alien restoring gene Rf, which exhibit xenia and dose-response and can lead to complete recovery of a recessive genetic male sterility (GMS) gene ms1. In this way, the present disclosure completes the improvement of a blue-grained two-line hybrid wheat system.

Methods and compositions are provided for modifying the flowering time and/or maturity time of soybean plants to enable them to be cultivated in a variety of geographical locations having different day lengths. Modified soybean plants are disclosed comprising non-natural mutant alleles at the E1 and/or E1Lb locus. The modified plants have a shorter flowering and/or maturity time than control plants.

The presently disclosed subject matter relates to using a haploid inducing line (whether existing or created) and transforming the haploid line so that it encodes cellular machinery capable of editing genes. The transformed haploid inducing line is used as a parent in a cross between two plants. During pollination, the parental gametes fuse to form an embryo; and the gene editing machinery is also delivered to the embryo at this time. During embryonic development, one set of parental chromosomes are lost, and the gene editing machinery operates on the remaining set of chromosomes. Thus, at least one haploid progeny with edited genes is produced from the cross. The disclosure is also directed to methods of testing an edited haploid plant progeny for the presence of a first plant's genomic material.

A Capsicum plant resistant to powdery mildew caused by the fungal pathogen Leveillula taurica, a cell, plant part or seed of the Capsicum plant and to methods for identifying it, and the use of the plants for improving the yield of pepper production in an environment infected by Leveillula taurica and/or for limiting or controlling an infection by Leveillula taurica; wherein, the Capsicum plant includes introgressed in its genome a quantitative trait locus (QTL) conferring resistance to powdery mildew, wherein the QTL is located on chromosome 6 within the genomic interval delimited by the marker PE-0014628 (SEQ ID NO: 1) and the marker PE-0021476 (SEQ ID NO: 37).

The present disclosure provides cultivated tomato plants exhibiting increased resistance to Mi-1 resistance-breaking root-knot nematodes. Such plants comprise novel recombinant chromosomal segments comprising alleles associated with disease resistance from Solanum pimpinellifolium on chromosome 1 and/or chromosome 6. In certain aspects, compositions and methods for producing, breeding, detecting, and selecting plants or germplasm with an increased disease resistance phenotype are provided.